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Related Concept Videos

Olfaction01:25

Olfaction

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The sense of smell is achieved through the activities of the olfactory system. It starts when an airborne odorant enters the nasal cavity and reaches olfactory epithelium (OE). The OE is protected by a thin layer of mucus, which also serves the purpose of dissolving more complex compounds into simpler chemical odorants. The size of the OE and the density of sensory neurons varies among species; in humans, the OE is only about 9-10 cm2.
The olfactory receptors are embedded in the cilia of the...
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Olfactory Receptors: Location and Structure01:03

Olfactory Receptors: Location and Structure

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The process of olfaction, also known as the sense of smell, is a sophisticated chemical response system. The specialized sensory neurons that facilitate this process, known as olfactory receptor neurons, are situated in an upper segment of the nasal cavity, known as the olfactory epithelium. Olfactory sensory neurons are bipolar, with their dendrites extending from the epithelium's apex into the mucus that lines the nasal cavity. Airborne molecules, when inhaled, traverse the olfactory...
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Physiology of Smell and Olfactory Pathway01:20

Physiology of Smell and Olfactory Pathway

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Humans detect odors with the help of specialized cells located in the upper part of the nasal cavity, called olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs). ORNs possess hair-like structures called cilia, which are receptive to sensations from the inhaled air. When an odorant molecule binds to a specific receptor on the cell of the cilia, it leads to a series of events that ultimately cause the ORN to send electrical signals to the olfactory bulb in the brain through the olfactory nerves.
The olfactory...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 2, 2026

Quadruple Immunostaining of the Olfactory Bulb for Visualization of Olfactory Sensory Axon Molecular Identity Codes
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Quadruple Immunostaining of the Olfactory Bulb for Visualization of Olfactory Sensory Axon Molecular Identity Codes

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Neural map formation in the mouse olfactory system.

Haruki Takeuchi1, Hitoshi Sakano

  • 1Department of Brain Function, School of Medicine, University of Fukui, 23-3 Shimo-aizuki, Matsuoka, Fukui, 910-1193, Japan.

Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences : CMLS
|March 19, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The mouse olfactory system uses ~1,000 odorant receptors (ORs) following the "one neuron-one receptor" rule. This study summarizes recent progress in understanding how the olfactory neural map forms in the mouse olfactory bulb (OB).

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Olfactory system research
  • Sensory processing

Background:

  • The mouse olfactory system detects odorants using ~1,000 different odorant receptors (ORs) expressed by olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs).
  • The "one neuron-one receptor" rule dictates that each OSN expresses only one functional OR.
  • OSN axons expressing the same OR converge to specific sites in the olfactory bulb (OB), forming glomeruli according to the "one glomerulus-one receptor" rule.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize recent advancements in the formation of the neural map within the mouse olfactory system.
  • To explain the mechanisms underlying the development and refinement of olfactory glomerular organization.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent research on olfactory system development.
  • Analysis of genetic programming and activity-dependent mechanisms in neural map formation.

Main Results:

  • Odorant detection signals are converted into topographic information in the OB.
  • Olfactory map formation involves both OR-independent (dorsal-ventral) and OR-dependent (anterior-posterior) genetic processes.
  • Neonatal activity-dependent processes further refine the olfactory map.

Conclusions:

  • The formation of the olfactory neural map is a complex process involving genetic programming and activity-dependent refinement.
  • Understanding these rules is crucial for deciphering olfactory information processing.