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Related Concept Videos

Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)01:27

Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)

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The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) serves as the primary classification system for mental health disorders, providing standardized diagnostic criteria for clinicians and researchers. First published by the American Psychiatric Association (APA) in 1952, the DSM has undergone several revisions to reflect evolving psychiatric understanding. The fifth edition, DSM-5, released in 2013, introduced key updates that expanded diagnostic categories and modified diagnostic...
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Introduction to Psychological Disorders01:19

Introduction to Psychological Disorders

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Abnormal behavior, often referred to as mental illness, results from changes in brain function that influence thought patterns, behaviors, and social interactions. Psychologists and psychiatrists typically assess abnormal behavior using three primary criteria: deviance, maladaptation, and personal distress, particularly when these traits persist over long periods.
Deviant Behavior
Deviance in behavior refers to actions or thought patterns that significantly diverge from societal norms or...
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Theoretical Approaches to Psychological Disorder01:29

Theoretical Approaches to Psychological Disorder

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The development of psychological disorders, which are characterized by deviant, maladaptive, and personally distressing behaviors, has been explored through several theoretical approaches.
Biological approach
The biological approach posits that internal, organic factors are the primary causes of such disorders. This perspective emphasizes brain structure and function, genetic predispositions, and neurotransmitter imbalances. For example, schizophrenia has been associated with both genetic...
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Depressive Disorders: MDD and Dysthymia01:27

Depressive Disorders: MDD and Dysthymia

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Depressive disorders are a group of mental health conditions characterized by pervasive feelings of sadness, diminished pleasure in life, and a significant impact on daily functioning. These conditions are most prevalent in individuals during their 30s and affect women at twice the rate of men. Contrary to popular belief, younger individuals are generally more susceptible to these disorders than older adults. Two key types of depressive disorders include Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) and...
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Contemporary Psychology01:29

Contemporary Psychology

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Psychology explores human behavior and mental processes through various lenses, each offering unique insights. This overview examines key subfields, including biopsychology, evolutionary, developmental, personality, and social psychology, highlighting their approaches and contributions to understanding complex human behaviors.
Biopsychology
Biopsychology, also known as biological psychology or behavioral neuroscience, focuses on the biological underpinnings of behavior and mental processes. It...
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Panic Disorder01:27

Panic Disorder

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Panic disorder is an anxiety disorder characterized by recurrent and sudden minutes-long episodes of intense fear, known as panic attacks. These attacks may feel like heart attacks and often happen without warning or a specific cause. They can include symptoms such as rapid heart rate, shortness of breath, chest pain, trembling, sweating, dizziness, and a sense of helplessness. During a panic attack, individuals may feel as though they are experiencing a heart attack or are in a...
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[Latest update on DSM-5].

Chihiro Matsumoto

    Seishin Shinkeigaku Zasshi = Psychiatria Et Neurologia Japonica
    |March 20, 2014
    PubMed
    Summary

    The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th Edition (DSM-5) introduced significant changes from DSM-IV-TR, shifting towards dimensional conceptualization and increased clinical judgment in psychiatric diagnoses.

    Area of Science:

    • Psychiatry
    • Mental Health Diagnostics
    • Clinical Psychology

    Context:

    • The 166th annual meeting of the American Psychiatric Association in May 2013 marked the release of the DSM-5.
    • This review critically examines the evolution from DSM-IV-TR to DSM-5.

    Purpose:

    • To analyze key modifications in the DSM-5 compared to its predecessor, DSM-IV-TR.
    • To highlight the implications of these changes for psychiatric diagnosis and classification.

    Summary:

    • The DSM-5 removed schizophrenia subtypes, expanded bipolar disorder specifiers, eliminated bereavement exclusion for depressive disorders, and reconceptualized pervasive developmental disorders.
    • These revisions indicate a move from categorical to dimensional approaches, greater use of specifiers, and enhanced reliance on clinical judgment.

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  • Criticisms of the DSM-5 and future directions for diagnostic systems are also discussed.

    • Impact:

    • The DSM-5 facilitates a more nuanced understanding of mental health conditions.
    • This revised classification system may influence clinical practice, research, and diagnostic criteria interpretation.
    • Understanding these shifts is crucial for mental health professionals and researchers.