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[Immunoinflammatory changes (myocarditis?) in chronic heart failure in alcoholic patients]

V S Moiseev, A S Goncharov, N N Terebilina

    Terapevticheskii Arkhiv
    |March 20, 2014
    PubMed

    Insights

    Alcoholic heart damage significantly elevates inflammatory markers and alters immune cell counts in chronic heart failure (CHF) patients. These immuno-inflammatory changes correlate with CHF severity and cardiac dysfunction.

    Area of Science:

    • Cardiology
    • Immunology
    • Toxicology

    Background:

    • Alcohol-induced heart damage (AIHD) is a significant cause of chronic heart failure (CHF).
    • The role of immuno-inflammatory processes in AIHD-related CHF requires further elucidation.
    • Understanding these mechanisms can inform targeted therapeutic strategies.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To quantify the contribution of immuno-inflammatory alterations to the clinical and hemodynamic manifestations of CHF in alcoholic patients.
    • To compare the immune-inflammatory profile of patients with AIHD-induced CHF to those with ischemic cardiomyopathy.
    • To assess the correlation between immuno-inflammatory changes and the severity of cardiac dysfunction.

    Main Methods:

    • Examined 45 male patients with AIHD-induced CHF and 20 male patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy (control).
    • Assessed immune-inflammatory status, including cytokines (IL-6, IL-8, IL-12, TNF-alpha), transforming growth factor-beta1, endotoxin, and cellular immunity.
    • Evaluated cardiac structure and function using echocardiography.

    Main Results:

    • Patients with AIHD-induced CHF exhibited higher levels of inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, TNF-alpha, IL-12, endotoxin) compared to controls.
    • Significant alterations in cell-mediated immunity were observed in AIHD patients, including reduced suppressor T cells and natural killer cells.
    • The degree of immuno-inflammatory changes correlated positively with CHF severity and cardiac morphofunctional alterations.

    Conclusions:

    • Immuno-inflammatory changes play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of CHF, particularly in alcoholic patients.
    • Alcoholic cardiomyopathy is associated with more pronounced immuno-inflammatory disturbances than ischemic cardiomyopathy.
    • These findings highlight the importance of targeting inflammation in managing alcoholic heart disease.
    Abstract

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