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Related Concept Videos

Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)01:27

Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)

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The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) serves as the primary classification system for mental health disorders, providing standardized diagnostic criteria for clinicians and researchers. First published by the American Psychiatric Association (APA) in 1952, the DSM has undergone several revisions to reflect evolving psychiatric understanding. The fifth edition, DSM-5, released in 2013, introduced key updates that expanded diagnostic categories and modified diagnostic...
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Sleep-Wake Cycles01:24

Sleep-Wake Cycles

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Sleep is an essential physiological process vital to maintaining overall well-being. The reticular activating system (RAS), a network of neurons in the brainstem, regulates wakefulness and sleep. While it may seem passive, sleep consists of distinct cycles, each with its unique characteristics and functions. Two key sleep phases are non-rapid eye movement (NREM) and  rapid eye movement (REM).
NREM Sleep
NREM sleep comprises four progressive stages that seamlessly merge:
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REM Sleep Behavior Disorder01:15

REM Sleep Behavior Disorder

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REM Sleep Behavior Disorder (RBD) is a sleep disorder characterized by the absence of muscle paralysis that normally occurs during the REM phase of sleep. This absence allows individuals to physically act out their dreams, which are often vivid and disturbing. Common behaviors exhibited during episodes include kicking, punching, and yelling. These actions can be dangerous, potentially leading to injuries for the person with RBD or their bed partner.
RBD is significantly associated with...
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Substance Use Disorders Affecting Sleep01:24

Substance Use Disorders Affecting Sleep

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Substance use disorders involve a pattern of using drugs more extensively than intended and continuing use despite harmful consequences. This includes legal substances like alcohol and nicotine, as well as illegal drugs. These disorders often involve both physical and psychological dependence, reflecting compulsive use of substances that significantly alter thoughts, feelings, and behaviors, contributing to a major public health issue.
Understanding the concepts of physical dependence,...
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Sleepwalking and Sleep Talking01:17

Sleepwalking and Sleep Talking

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Somnambulism, commonly known as sleepwalking, involves individuals engaging in activities ranging from simple walking to more complex behaviors such as driving. Sleepwalking typically occurs during the slow-wave sleep stages 3 and 4 early in the night when the person is not dreaming, contradicting the myth that sleepwalkers are acting out their dreams.
Factors that increase the likelihood of sleepwalking include sleep deprivation and alcohol consumption. Contrary to common beliefs, it is safe...
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Depressive Disorders: MDD and Dysthymia01:27

Depressive Disorders: MDD and Dysthymia

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Depressive disorders are a group of mental health conditions characterized by pervasive feelings of sadness, diminished pleasure in life, and a significant impact on daily functioning. These conditions are most prevalent in individuals during their 30s and affect women at twice the rate of men. Contrary to popular belief, younger individuals are generally more susceptible to these disorders than older adults. Two key types of depressive disorders include Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) and...
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A Chronic Sleep Fragmentation Model using Vibrating Orbital Rotor to Induce Cognitive Deficit and Anxiety-Like Behavior in Young Wild-Type Mice
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[Sleep-wake disorders and DSM-5].

A L van Bemmel, G A Kerkhof

    Tijdschrift Voor Psychiatrie
    |March 20, 2014
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    The updated Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th Edition (DSM-5) classification for sleep-wake disorders aligns better with current psychiatric practices. This revised approach may enhance the diagnosis of these conditions in mental health care.

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    Area of Science:

    • Psychiatry
    • Sleep Medicine
    • Mental Health

    Background:

    • Sleep-wake disorders are frequently reported by individuals with mental disorders.
    • Accurate diagnosis of sleep-wake disorders is crucial for preventing and treating mental health conditions.
    • Research since the DSM-IV has significantly advanced understanding of sleep-wake disorders.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate if the DSM-5 classification of sleep-wake disorders improves diagnostic accuracy.
    • To compare the DSM-5 sleep-wake disorder classification with the previous DSM-IV criteria.

    Main Methods:

    • Comparative analysis of sleep-wake disorder classifications in DSM-IV and DSM-5.
    • Discussion of key changes introduced in the DSM-5 classification.

    Main Results:

    • The DSM-5 classification incorporates a symptom-oriented and dimensional approach.
    • This approach brings the classification closer to contemporary psychiatric practice.
    • It reflects current scientific understanding of the dimensional nature of psychiatric disorders.

    Conclusions:

    • The DSM-5 classification integrates recent scientific findings.
    • It has the potential to improve the diagnosis of sleep-wake disorders within psychiatry.