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Updated: May 2, 2026
Detection of Targetable Alterations in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer using Next-generation Sequencing
Published on: October 10, 2025
New strategies in lung cancer: epigenetic therapy for non-small cell lung cancer
Patrick M Forde1, Julie R Brahmer, Ronan J Kelly
1Authors' Affiliation: Upper Aerodigestive Malignancies Division, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, Maryland.
Abstract:
Recent discoveries that non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) can be divided into molecular subtypes based on the presence or absence of driver mutations have revolutionized the treatment of many patients with advanced disease. However, despite these advances, a majority of patients are still dependent on modestly effective cytotoxic chemotherapy to provide disease control and prolonged survival. In this article, we review the current status of attempts to target the epigenome, heritable modifications of DNA, histones, and chromatin that may act to modulate gene expression independently of DNA coding alterations, in NSCLC and the potential for combinatorial and sequential treatment strategies.
Insights
Targeting the epigenome offers new hope for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. This review explores epigenetic modifications and combinatorial strategies to improve treatments beyond chemotherapy.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Molecular Biology
- Epigenetics
Background:
- Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treatment has advanced with molecular subtype identification.
- Despite progress, many advanced NSCLC patients still rely on cytotoxic chemotherapy.
- Chemotherapy offers modest disease control and survival benefits.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review current strategies targeting the epigenome in NSCLC.
- To explore the potential of combinatorial and sequential epigenetic treatments.
- To address the need for more effective NSCLC therapies.
Main Methods:
- Review of current research on epigenetic modifications in NSCLC.
- Analysis of DNA, histone, and chromatin modifications.
- Evaluation of potential therapeutic targets within the epigenome.
- Assessment of combinatorial and sequential treatment approaches.
Main Results:
- Epigenetic modifications play a role in NSCLC gene expression.
- Targeting the epigenome presents a promising therapeutic avenue.
- Combinatorial and sequential strategies may enhance treatment efficacy.
Conclusions:
- Epigenome-targeted therapies hold significant potential for NSCLC.
- Further research into epigenetic modifications can lead to improved patient outcomes.
- Novel treatment strategies are needed to overcome limitations of current therapies.
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