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Conjunctival lymphocyte subsets in trachoma.

E M Burd1, K F Tabbara, A M Nasr

  • 1King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

International Ophthalmology
|January 1, 1988
PubMed
Summary
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Trachoma patients show distinct immune cell profiles in the conjunctiva. Active trachoma features T-helper/inducer lymphocytes, while inactive disease shows T-suppressor/cytotoxic lymphocytes, impacting immune responses.

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Immunology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Trachoma, a leading cause of preventable blindness, is a chronic bacterial infection of the eye.
  • Conjunctival scarring and eyelid distortion (entropion) are hallmarks of severe trachoma, often requiring surgical intervention.
  • Understanding the local immune response in the conjunctiva is crucial for managing trachoma.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the specific lymphocyte populations and immunoglobulin presence in conjunctival biopsies from patients with active and inactive trachoma.
  • To correlate these immune cell profiles with the clinical activity of trachoma.

Main Methods:

  • Conjunctival biopsy specimens were collected from patients undergoing surgery for trachoma-induced entropion and from control subjects.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Immunohistochemistry was performed using monoclonal antibodies (OKT4, OKT8, OKIal) to identify T-helper/inducer, T-suppressor/cytotoxic, and B-lymphocytes.
  • Antisera specific for IgG, IgA, and IgM were used to detect immunoglobulin deposition.

    • Main Results:

    • Patients with active trachoma exhibited a predominance of T-helper/inducer lymphocytes in the conjunctival substantia propria.
    • Patients with inactive trachoma showed a predominance of T-suppressor/cytotoxic lymphocytes.
    • Moderate numbers of B-lymphocytes and significant deposition of IgG, IgM, and IgA, particularly IgG and IgM, were observed in active trachoma specimens.

    Conclusions:

    • The cellular immune response in the conjunctiva differs significantly between active and inactive trachoma.
    • T-helper/inducer cell dominance in active trachoma suggests a role in ongoing inflammation.
    • T-suppressor/cytotoxic cell presence in inactive trachoma may indicate immune regulation or resolution phases.