Comparative effectiveness research in antineoplastic-induced nausea and vomiting control in children

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Jacqueline Flank1, L Lee Dupuis

  • 1Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Department of Pharmacy, The Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Avenue, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada. jacqueline.flank@sickkids.ca.

Journal of Comparative Effectiveness Research
|March 21, 2014
PubMed

Insights

Pediatric antineoplastic-induced nausea and vomiting (AINV) lacks robust evidence for antiemetic interventions. This review addresses research barriers and guides future comparative effectiveness studies for better AINV control in children.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Pediatric Medicine
  • Clinical Pharmacology

Background:

  • Antineoplastic-induced nausea and vomiting (AINV) is a significant adverse effect in patients undergoing cancer treatment.
  • Limited evidence exists regarding the efficacy and safety of antiemetic interventions specifically in pediatric populations.
  • Current approaches to AINV prevention and treatment in children show considerable variability across healthcare centers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify barriers hindering comparative antiemetic effectiveness research for AINV in children.
  • To critically evaluate the limitations of existing pediatric AINV evidence.
  • To summarize and discuss current comparative effectiveness research on AINV control in children, focusing on guideline-recommended agents for acute AINV.
  • To provide recommendations for future research in pediatric AINV comparative effectiveness.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review and critical appraisal of existing literature on pediatric AINV.
  • Analysis of barriers to conducting comparative effectiveness research in pediatric AINV.
  • Focus on evidence-based guidelines for acute phase AINV control in children.
  • Synthesis of current comparative effectiveness data and identification of research gaps.

Main Results:

  • Significant barriers exist for conducting comparative antiemetic effectiveness research in pediatric AINV.
  • The available evidence base for pediatric AINV interventions is limited and often lacks pediatric-specific data.
  • Research often focuses on adult data, with limited comparative studies on agents recommended for acute pediatric AINV.

Conclusions:

  • There is a critical need for more high-quality, pediatric-specific comparative effectiveness research on antiemetic interventions for AINV.
  • Overcoming research barriers is essential to improve AINV management in children.
  • Future research should prioritize guideline-recommended agents and address the unique needs of pediatric patients.

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