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Proteomics

Proteomics

A proteome is the entire set of proteins that a cell type produces. We can study proteomes using the knowledge of genomes because genes code for mRNAs, and the mRNAs encode proteins. Although mRNA analysis is a step in the right direction, not all mRNAs are translated into proteins.
Proteomics is the study of proteomes' function. It involves the large-scale systematic study of the proteome to denote the protein complement expressed by a genome. Scientist Mark Wilkins coined the term...

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Updated: May 2, 2026

Cell Type-specific Gene Expression Profiling in the Mouse Liver

Cell Type-specific Gene Expression Profiling in the Mouse Liver

Published on: September 17, 2019

The human liver-specific proteome defined by transcriptomics and antibody-based profiling.

Caroline Kampf¹, Adil Mardinoglu², Linn Fagerberg³

¹Department of Immunology, Genetics, and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden;

FASEB Journal : Official Publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology

|March 21, 2014

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers identified 477 protein-coding genes with elevated expression in the human liver using RNA sequencing and antibody-based profiling. This work advances understanding of liver physiology and disease, aiding drug target discovery.

Keywords:

RNA sequencing immunohistochemistry metabolism

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Last Updated: May 2, 2026

Cell Type-specific Gene Expression Profiling in the Mouse Liver

Cell Type-specific Gene Expression Profiling in the Mouse Liver

Published on: September 17, 2019

Deep Proteome Profiling by Isobaric Labeling, Extensive Liquid Chromatography, Mass Spectrometry, and Software-assisted Quantification

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Published on: November 15, 2017

Human Liver Microphysiological System for Assessing Drug-Induced Liver Toxicity In Vitro

Human Liver Microphysiological System for Assessing Drug-Induced Liver Toxicity In Vitro

Published on: January 31, 2022

Area of Science:

Proteomics and genomics
Human tissue profiling
Liver biology

Background:

Understanding liver physiology and disease genetics requires identifying liver-specific proteins.
Previous studies lacked comprehensive proteome characterization across human tissues.

Purpose of the Study:

To comprehensively map the human liver proteome with enriched expression.
To identify cell type-specific proteins in hepatocytes and bile duct cells.
To explore the role of liver proteins in disease and identify potential therapeutic targets.

Main Methods:

Combined RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) and antibody-based immunohistochemistry across major human tissues.
Utilized immunofluorescent profiling for subcellular localization.
Analyzed protein localization, biological processes, and metabolic functions.

Main Results:

Identified 477 protein-coding genes with elevated liver expression.
Categorized genes based on expression levels: 179 liver-specific, 164 shared with other tissues, and 134 with mild liver increase.
Determined precise protein localization and subcellular distribution.

Conclusions:

RNA-Seq and antibody-based profiling are effective for human liver proteome characterization.
Tissue-specific proteins can serve as novel drug targets and biomarkers for liver diseases.
This study provides a foundation for further liver disease research and therapeutic development.