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Antitussives and substance abuse.

Jarrett M Burns1, Edward W Boyer1

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PubMed
Summary

Antitussive medications like dextromethorphan and codeine/promethazine are frequently abused recreationally worldwide. This review covers their pharmacology, effects, and toxicity management.

Keywords:
codeinedextromethorphanpromethazinepurple dranksizzurp

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Toxicology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Antitussive preparations are widely abused globally for illicit or recreational purposes.
  • Dextromethorphan and codeine/promethazine cough syrups are common substances of abuse.
  • This abuse poses a significant public health challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the pharmacology of commonly abused antitussive medications.
  • To describe the clinical effects associated with their misuse.
  • To outline strategies for managing toxicity resulting from antitussive abuse.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of pharmacology and clinical effects.
  • Analysis of case reports and studies on antitussive abuse.
  • Synthesis of information on toxicity management.

Main Results:

  • Abuse of dextromethorphan and codeine/promethazine is a widespread issue.
  • Understanding the pharmacology is key to recognizing effects and managing toxicity.
  • Effective management strategies are crucial for patient outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • Antitussive abuse is a serious global problem requiring attention.
  • Comprehensive knowledge of pharmacology and clinical effects aids in treatment.
  • Management of toxicity is essential to mitigate harm from abused antitussives.