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Melatonin regulates mesenchymal stem cell differentiation: a review.

Francesca Luchetti1, Barbara Canonico, Desirée Bartolini

  • 1Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino "Carlo Bo", Urbino, Italy.

Journal of Pineal Research
|March 22, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Melatonin regulates mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) survival and differentiation. This review explores melatonin's role in MSCs, impacting their commitment to various cell lineages like bone, cartilage, and fat.

Keywords:
PPRAγWntadipogenesisdifferentiationmelatoninmesenchymal stem cellsosteogenesisoxidative stressproliferation

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Area of Science:

  • Stem Cell Biology
  • Endocrinology
  • Regenerative Medicine

Background:

  • Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are crucial for tissue regeneration and repair.
  • Melatonin, a hormone, is increasingly recognized for its diverse biological functions.
  • MSCs are a heterogeneous cell population involved in development and regeneration.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the physiological and pharmacological effects of melatonin on mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs).
  • To explore melatonin's role in regulating MSC survival and differentiation into various lineages.
  • To discuss the signaling pathways involved in melatonin-mediated MSC regulation.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on melatonin and MSCs.
  • Analysis of receptor-dependent and independent melatonin actions.
  • Examination of signaling pathways like Wnt/β-catenin, MAPKs, and TGF-β.

Main Results:

  • Melatonin influences MSC survival and differentiation through various mechanisms.
  • It modulates MSC commitment to osteogenic, chondrogenic, adipogenic, and myogenic lineages.
  • Melatonin acts via both receptor-dependent and independent pathways, including antioxidant effects.

Conclusions:

  • Melatonin is a potential regulator of MSC lineage commitment and differentiation.
  • It influences MSCs through complex signaling networks, including Wnt/β-catenin, MAPKs, and TGF-β.
  • Further research into melatonin's therapeutic potential for tissue repair is warranted.