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HDL quality and functionality: what can proteins and genes predict?

Eleni A Karavia1, Evangelia Zvintzou, Peristera-Ioanna Petropoulou

  • 1Department of Pharmacology, University of Patras, School of Medicine, Rio Achaias, TK. 26500, Greece.

Expert Review of Cardiovascular Therapy
|March 22, 2014
PubMed

Insights

High-density lipoprotein (HDL) functionality, not just cholesterol levels, is key for preventing atherosclerosis. HDL

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Science
  • Metabolic Research
  • Atherosclerosis Studies

Background:

  • Dyslipidemia is a primary risk factor for atherosclerosis.
  • High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels correlate inversely with coronary heart disease (CHD) risk.
  • Emerging evidence highlights HDL functionality ('HDL quality') over mere HDL-C levels in atherosclerosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the atheroprotective properties of HDL.
  • To examine the role of HDL metabolic pathway proteins in HDL functionality.
  • To discuss HDL-associated genes and proteins as markers of coronary risk.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of epidemiological and clinical studies.
  • Analysis of HDL particle functionality based on protein and lipid content.
  • Exploration of the HDL metabolic pathway and its genetic components.

Main Results:

  • HDL functionality, determined by its composition, is crucial for atheroprotection.
  • Apoprotein composition of HDL may serve as a surrogate marker for atheroprotection.
  • Specific HDL-associated genes and proteins offer insights into HDL functionality.

Conclusions:

  • HDL functionality is a more relevant target than HDL-C levels for assessing coronary risk.
  • Understanding HDL's protein and genetic makeup is vital for evaluating its anti-atherosclerotic potential.
  • HDL-associated proteins and genes can serve as biomarkers for coronary risk assessment.

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