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Does interaction matter? Testing whether a confidence heuristic can replace interaction in collective

Dan Bang1, Riccardo Fusaroli2, Kristian Tylén2

  • 1Interacting Minds Centre, Aarhus University, Jens Chr. Skous Vej 4, Building 1483, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark; Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3UD, United Kingdom; Calleva Research Centre for Evolution and Human Sciences, Magdalen College, High Street, Oxford OX1 4AU, United Kingdom.

Consciousness and Cognition
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The confidence heuristic, using confidence or reaction time, is less effective for dissimilar individuals in collective decision-making. Interaction is superior for resolving judgment reliability differences.

Keywords:
Collective decision-makingComputationalConfidenceHeuristicInteractionMetacognitionPerceptionReaction timeSignal detection theory

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Social Psychology
  • Decision Science

Background:

  • Individuals often rely on expressed confidence to gauge information reliability.
  • This reliance is known as the confidence heuristic.
  • Collective decision-making can be influenced by how confidence is shared.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To test direct and indirect implementations of the confidence heuristic in collective decision-making.
  • To investigate how individual differences in judgment reliability affect heuristic success.
  • To compare heuristic performance against group interaction.

Main Methods:

  • A collective perceptual decision-making task was employed.
  • Two confidence heuristic strategies were tested: direct (highest confidence) and indirect (fastest judgment).
  • Performance was evaluated based on judgment accuracy and individual differences in reliability.

Main Results:

  • Heuristic success is contingent on the similarity of individuals' judgment reliability.
  • For dissimilar individuals, confidence heuristics were significantly outperformed by interaction.
  • Interaction partially mitigated but did not eliminate differences in judgment reliability.

Conclusions:

  • The effectiveness of the confidence heuristic is context-dependent, particularly on group composition.
  • Interaction is a more robust strategy than confidence heuristics for collective decision-making when individuals have differing judgment reliability.
  • Findings inform models of confidence and collective decision-making processes.