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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 2, 2026

A Clinical Trial Assessing the Safety, Efficacy, and Delivery of Olive-Oil-Based Three-Chamber Bags for Parenteral Nutrition
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Paramedic-supplied 'Take Home' Naloxone: protocol for cluster randomised feasibility study.

Chris Moore1, Gregory Lloyd, Rossana Oretti

  • 1Medical and Clinical Services Directorate, Welsh Ambulance Services NHS Trust, Blackweir Ambulance Station, Cardiff, UK.

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Summary

Paramedics can distribute

Keywords:
Accident & Emergency MedicinePublic Health

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Emergency Medicine
  • Addiction Research

Background:

  • Traditional distribution of Take Home Naloxone (THN) kits via drug services may not reach high-risk individuals.
  • Paramedic attendance at overdose calls offers a novel opportunity for THN kit distribution.
  • Feasibility of paramedic-led THN distribution requires evaluation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the acceptability of paramedic-led distribution of Take Home Naloxone (THN) kits.
  • To gather data for planning a definitive trial on paramedic-administered THN.
  • To evaluate the feasibility of reaching at-risk populations through emergency medical services.

Main Methods:

  • Cluster randomized trial with staggered allocation of paramedics.
  • Intervention group: paramedics trained and issued THN kits.
  • Control group: paramedics follow usual practice until trained.
  • Data collection on patient eligibility, THN offer/acceptance, ED attendance, overdose recurrence, mortality, and follow-up rates.
  • Qualitative data on acceptability via interviews and focus groups with patients and paramedics.

Main Results:

  • Feasibility study data collection in progress.
  • Qualitative data on acceptability to be gathered.
  • Quantitative data on process and outcome measures to inform trial planning.

Conclusions:

  • Paramedic-led THN distribution is a potentially viable strategy to increase access to life-saving overdose reversal medication.
  • Further research is needed to confirm the effectiveness and optimize the implementation of this intervention.
  • This approach could significantly impact overdose prevention efforts within emergency medical services.