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Amplifying and Quantifying HIV-1 RNA in HIV Infected Individuals with Viral Loads Below the Limit of Detection by Standard Clinical Assays
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A retrospective study on HIV and syphilis.

Maria Foggia1, Ivan Gentile1, Giovanni Bonadies1

  • 1Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.

Le Infezioni in Medicina
|March 22, 2014
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The incidence of syphilis in HIV-positive patients, particularly among men who have sex with men, significantly increased between 2002 and 2011. This highlights an urgent need for enhanced prevention strategies for sexually transmitted infections (STIs).

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Area of Science:

  • Epidemiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) rates have fluctuated, with recent increases observed.
  • Understanding the interplay between HIV infection and syphilis is crucial for public health.
  • Syphilis co-infection in HIV-positive individuals presents unique clinical challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of syphilis cases in patients with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection.
  • To analyze trends in syphilis incidence among HIV-infected patients over a decade.
  • To identify key demographic groups affected by syphilis co-infection.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective chart review of HIV-infected patients attending a specialized center from 2002 to 2011.
  • Analysis of patient demographics, syphilis diagnosis, and clinical presentation.
  • Statistical examination of syphilis incidence trends over the study period.

Main Results:

  • Syphilis was diagnosed in 12.4% (50/402) of HIV-positive patients during the study period.
  • An increasing trend in syphilis diagnoses was observed from 2002 to 2011.
  • Latent syphilis of unknown duration was the most common presentation (64%), with nearly half diagnosed concurrently with HIV.
  • Men who have sex with men (MSM) constituted the largest demographic group affected.

Conclusions:

  • Syphilis incidence among HIV-infected patients, especially MSM, has risen significantly in recent years.
  • Effective prevention campaigns for STIs are urgently required.
  • Co-infection management and targeted interventions are essential for this population.