Psychosurgery
Ethics and Bioethics
Ethics in Research
Ethical Issues
Ethical Dilemmas II
Nursing Ethical Principles II
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Updated: May 2, 2026

Transauricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation and Electroencephalographic Assessment in Disorders of Consciousness
Published on: July 11, 2025
1Dr. Howe is Professor, Department of Psychiatry, Director, Programs in Medical Ethics, and Senior Scientist, Center for the Study of Traumatic Stress, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland.
Psychiatrists sometimes need to make exceptions to standard treatment guidelines for optimal patient care. This article examines ethical considerations and provides guidance for navigating these complex clinical decisions.
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