Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Cytomegalovirus Disease01:27

Cytomegalovirus Disease

102
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) disease is caused by human cytomegalovirus, a double-stranded DNA virus of the Herpesviridae family. While primary CMV infection is often asymptomatic in immunocompetent individuals, the virus can cause severe disease in neonates and immunocompromised patients. CMV is the most common cause of congenital viral infection in the United States, and a major pathogen in solid organ and hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients.CMV is transmitted via bodily fluids, sexual...
102
Sexually Transmitted Infections01:26

Sexually Transmitted Infections

2.0K
Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are diseases transmitted primarily through unsafe sexual interactions. Bacteria, viruses, or parasites cause them and can result in severe health complications if untreated.ChlamydiaThe bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis is responsible for the disease Chlamydia, the most common STI in the United States. This peculiar pathogen requires human cells to reproduce, residing intracellularly. The initial infection often goes unnoticed because it typically does not...
2.0K
Arboviral Encephalitis01:25

Arboviral Encephalitis

59
Arboviral encephalitis refers to brain inflammation caused by arthropod-borne viruses, particularly those transmitted through mosquito vectors. Among these, West Nile virus (WNV), a member of the Flaviviridae family, is a significant public health concern. WNV is an enveloped, positive-sense, single-stranded RNA virus. Human infection typically begins when an infected mosquito introduces the virus into the dermis during feeding. The primary transmission cycle involves birds as amplifying hosts...
59
Hypersensitivity Reactions: Immune-Complex Reactions01:19

Hypersensitivity Reactions: Immune-Complex Reactions

269
Type III hypersensitivity reactions occur when antigen–antibody complexes form and activate the complement system. Normally, these complexes help the clearance of antigens by phagocytes and red blood cells. However, when large numbers of immune complexes are present, they can deposit in tissues—particularly in the walls of blood vessels—leading to inflammation and tissue injury. These deposits trigger complement activation and neutrophil recruitment, resulting in serum...
269
Viral Hepatitis I: Introduction01:28

Viral Hepatitis I: Introduction

25
Viral hepatitis is an inflammatory condition of the liver caused by infection with hepatotropic viruses, most commonly hepatitis A, B, C, D, and E. Despite variations in structure and transmission, all viruses mentioned infect hepatocytes and provoke immune responses that can hinder liver function. Additionally, some non-hepatotropic viruses can also lead to hepatic inflammation.Hepatitis A VirusHepatitis A virus (HAV) is transmitted through the fecal–oral route, typically by ingestion...
25
Encephalitis l: Introduction01:19

Encephalitis l: Introduction

15
Encephalitis is inflammation of the brain parenchyma, most often due to infections or autoimmune processes. It presents with neuropsychiatric features such as fever, altered mental status, behavioral changes, cognitive dysfunction, seizures, focal deficits, and sometimes autonomic instability. In some cases, the meninges are also involved, resulting in meningoencephalitis.Infectious CausesInfectious encephalitis is most commonly viral but can also result from bacterial, fungal, or parasitic...
15

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Education Level Among Patients with Major Limb Amputation.

Cureus·2020
Same author

Letter to the Editor: Re: Co-existence of intramuscular spindle cell lipoma with an intramuscular ordinary lipoma: Report of a case. Response to Laliotis et al.

Polish journal of pathology : official journal of the Polish Society of Pathologists·2015
Same author

Intramuscular lipoma: a review of the literature.

Orthopedic reviews·2015
Same author

The pathogenesis of herpes zoster duplex bilateralis symmetricus.

International journal of dermatology·2014
Same author

Re: giant hand lipoma revisited: report of a thenar lipoma and its literature review.

Journal of hand and microsurgery·2014
Same author

Magnetic resonance imaging characteristics of intramuscular lipomas.

Sao Paulo medical journal = Revista paulista de medicina·2014
Same journal

Pellagra associated with iron deficiency.

Dermatology online journal·2026
Same journal

Demodicosis: A frequently underrecognized cause of recalcitrant ear pruritus.

Dermatology online journal·2026
Same journal

Association of alopecia areata with COVID-19 vaccination: A vaccine adverse events reporting system analysis.

Dermatology online journal·2026
Same journal

Gender based price differences in 5% minoxidil foam: The impact of generic alternatives and bulk packaging.

Dermatology online journal·2026
Same journal

Retrospective analysis of filler complications reported in the manufacturer and user facility device experience database from 2015 to 2025.

Dermatology online journal·2026
Same journal

Characterizing barriers to care in patients with hidradenitis suppurativa.

Dermatology online journal·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 1, 2026

Recurrent Herpetic Stromal Keratitis in Mice, a Model for Studying Human HSK
07:27

Recurrent Herpetic Stromal Keratitis in Mice, a Model for Studying Human HSK

Published on: December 18, 2012

11.3K

Herpes zoster duplex bilateralis.

Ivan Chernev1

  • 1Beckley Appalachian Regional Healthcare, Beckley, West Virginia. ivantchernev@yahoo.com.

Dermatology Online Journal
|March 25, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Disseminated herpes zoster typically involves over 20 lesions. A recent case with only two simultaneous lesions challenges this definition, questioning the term "disseminated" for such limited outbreaks.

More Related Videos

A Primary Neuron Culture System for the Study of Herpes Simplex Virus Latency and Reactivation
12:22

A Primary Neuron Culture System for the Study of Herpes Simplex Virus Latency and Reactivation

Published on: April 2, 2012

17.2K
Ex Vivo Infection of Murine Epidermis with Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1
11:56

Ex Vivo Infection of Murine Epidermis with Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1

Published on: August 24, 2015

11.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 1, 2026

Recurrent Herpetic Stromal Keratitis in Mice, a Model for Studying Human HSK
07:27

Recurrent Herpetic Stromal Keratitis in Mice, a Model for Studying Human HSK

Published on: December 18, 2012

11.3K
A Primary Neuron Culture System for the Study of Herpes Simplex Virus Latency and Reactivation
12:22

A Primary Neuron Culture System for the Study of Herpes Simplex Virus Latency and Reactivation

Published on: April 2, 2012

17.2K
Ex Vivo Infection of Murine Epidermis with Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1
11:56

Ex Vivo Infection of Murine Epidermis with Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1

Published on: August 24, 2015

11.0K

Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Virology

Background:

  • Herpes zoster, commonly known as shingles, is caused by the reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus.
  • Disseminated herpes zoster is characterized by a widespread rash exceeding typical dermatomal boundaries.

Discussion:

  • The case presented by Takaoka et al. featured only two herpes zoster lesions that appeared simultaneously.
  • This presentation lacked the generalized eruption characteristic of disseminated herpes zoster.
  • The authors suggest that the term "disseminated" may not be appropriate for cases with such limited lesion count and distribution.

Key Insights:

  • Clinical definitions of disseminated herpes zoster may require re-evaluation.
  • The number and distribution of lesions are critical factors in classifying herpes zoster severity.
  • Simultaneous presentation of few lesions challenges existing diagnostic criteria.

Outlook:

  • Further research is needed to refine the classification of herpes zoster presentations.
  • Understanding atypical presentations can improve diagnostic accuracy and patient management.
  • This case highlights the variability of herpes zoster and the need for flexible diagnostic criteria.