Cerebral glucose transporter: the possible therapeutic target for ischemic stroke

Hyperglycemia is considered to be associated with poor outcomes of ischemic stroke. However, it is controversial about the blood glucose-lowering therapy in patients with stroke. According to the current reports, hyperglycemia is an indicator of severe stroke and cannot increase cerebral glucose content but promotes further ischemia in brain. Consequently, cerebral glucose control is significant to maintain the energy homeostasis. Compared with blood glucose level, the cerebral glucose content, controlled by glucose transporters (GLUTs), is more directly and important to maintain the energy supply in brain, especially to the patients with ischemic stroke. Some active materials, such as Glucagon-like peptide-1, progesterone, tPA and N-acetylcysteine, have been found to ameliorate ischemic stroke by regulating GLUTs expression. Therefore, this review discusses the significance of cerebral glucose level and GLUTs. Additionally, cerebral GLUTs and their actions in ischemic stroke are detailed in order to promote research on GLUTs as a possible therapeutic target for ischemic stroke.