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Interstitial pneumonitis after acetylene welding: a case report
1Poison Control Centre, Division of Internal Medicine, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia, miran.brvar@kclj.si.
Summary
Acetylene welding can cause severe toxic interstitial pneumonitis, a lung condition. Early corticosteroid treatment significantly improved the patient's respiratory function.
Area of Science:
- Occupational Medicine
- Pulmonary Medicine
- Toxicology
Background:
- Acetylene is commonly recognized as a simple asphyxiant gas.
- Aluminum welding involves potential exposure to various gases and fumes.
- The respiratory effects of acetylene exposure beyond asphyxiation are not well-documented.
Observation:
- A welder developed acute respiratory distress hours after working in a confined space.
- The patient presented with severe hypoxemia, diffuse interstitial infiltrates on chest X-ray, and impaired pulmonary function tests.
- High-resolution CT revealed diffuse ground-glass opacities consistent with interstitial pneumonitis.
Findings:
- The patient was diagnosed with toxic interstitial pneumonitis attributed to acetylene exposure.
- Treatment with high-dose systemic and inhaled corticosteroids led to gradual improvement.
- Pulmonary function tests showed recovery, with no deterioration during the follow-up period.
Implications:
- Acetylene exposure during welding can lead to severe lung injury, specifically interstitial pneumonitis.
- Prompt diagnosis and early corticosteroid therapy are crucial for managing acetylene-induced pneumonitis.
- This case highlights the importance of considering toxic pneumonitis in welders presenting with respiratory symptoms.
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