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Differentiation of Functional Osteoclasts from Human Peripheral Blood CD14+ Monocytes
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Periostin in allergic inflammation.

Kenji Izuhara1, Kazuhiko Arima1, Shoichiro Ohta2

  • 1Division of Medical Biochemistry, Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Saga Medical School, Saga, Japan.

Allergology International : Official Journal of the Japanese Society of Allergology
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Summary

Periostin, a protein involved in tissue repair, plays a key role in allergic inflammation. Targeting periostin shows promise for diagnosing and treating allergic diseases.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Biochemistry
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Periostin is an extracellular matrix protein crucial for tissue remodeling.
  • Periostin acts as a matricellular protein, influencing cell activation.
  • Interleukin-4 (IL-4) and IL-13 are key cytokines in type 2 immune responses, with periostin identified as their downstream molecule.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of periostin in allergic inflammation.
  • To explore periostin's involvement in subepithelial fibrosis in bronchial asthma.
  • To assess periostin's potential as a diagnostic and therapeutic target for allergic diseases.

Main Methods:

  • Investigated periostin's role as a downstream molecule of IL-4 and IL-13.
  • Examined periostin's function in skin allergic inflammation, focusing on fibroblast and keratinocyte communication.
  • Evaluated serum periostin levels for predicting treatment efficacy in bronchial asthma.
  • Tested therapeutic strategies involving blocking periostin-αv integrin interaction or down-regulating periostin expression in vitro and in mouse models.

Main Results:

  • Periostin is a component of subepithelial fibrosis in bronchial asthma, confirming its role in allergic inflammation.
  • Periostin amplifies and perpetuates allergic inflammation in skin by mediating communication between fibroblasts and keratinocytes.
  • Serum periostin levels correlate with local inflammation and predict the response to Th2 antagonists in bronchial asthma.
  • Inhibition of periostin-αv integrin interaction or periostin expression reduction ameliorated inflammation in experimental systems.

Conclusions:

  • Periostin is significantly involved in allergic inflammation and fibrosis.
  • Periostin serves as a potential biomarker for allergic diseases and a target for novel diagnostics and therapeutics.
  • Targeting periostin offers a promising future strategy for managing allergic conditions.