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Graphene-based passively mode-locked bidirectional fiber ring laser.

Venkatesh Mamidala, R I Woodward, Y Yang

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    This study introduces the first all-fiber bidirectional soliton laser using graphene. This novel laser design enables simultaneous operation in both directions with distinct pulse characteristics for each path.

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    Area of Science:

    • Optics and Photonics
    • Materials Science

    Background:

    • Mode-locked fiber lasers are crucial for various applications, including telecommunications and material processing.
    • Achieving stable bidirectional operation in fiber lasers presents significant challenges due to optical feedback and mode competition.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To demonstrate the first all-fiber bidirectional passively mode-locked soliton laser utilizing a graphene-based saturable absorber.
    • To investigate the distinct output characteristics of counter-propagating pulses in a fiber laser cavity.

    Main Methods:

    • Implementation of a four-port circulator to create separate cavity sections for counter-propagating pulses.
    • Utilizing a graphene-based saturable absorber for passive mode-locking.
    • Adjustment of net cavity birefringence and loss to achieve simultaneous bidirectional operation.

    Main Results:

    • Successful generation of ~750 fs soliton pulses at 1561.6 nm with a 7.68 MHz repetition rate in the clockwise direction.
    • Generation of ~850 fs soliton pulses at 1561.0 nm with a 6.90 MHz repetition rate in the counter-clockwise direction.
    • Demonstration of distinct output characteristics for the two counter-propagating pulses.

    Conclusions:

    • The proposed all-fiber bidirectional soliton laser design with a graphene saturable absorber is feasible and offers unique capabilities.
    • This technology opens new avenues for applications requiring dual-wavelength or dual-output fiber lasers.