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Signal processing method based on group delay calculation for distributed Bragg wavelength shift in optical frequency

Daichi Wada, Hirotaka Igawa, Hideaki Murayama

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    This study introduces a faster signal processing method using group delay for distributed measurements of long fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) with optical frequency domain reflectometry (OFDR). The new technique significantly reduces processing time and enhances sensitivity for strain distribution analysis.

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    Area of Science:

    • Optoelectronics
    • Signal Processing
    • Fiber Optics

    Background:

    • Distributed measurements of long fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) are crucial for structural health monitoring.
    • Optical frequency domain reflectometry (OFDR) is a key technique for such measurements.
    • Conventional signal processing methods can be computationally intensive and time-consuming.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To introduce a novel, computationally efficient signal processing method for distributed FBG measurements using OFDR.
    • To enhance the sensitivity of detecting non-uniform strain distributions in long FBGs.
    • To reduce the signal processing time compared to traditional methods.

    Main Methods:

    • A signal processing method based on group delay calculations was developed for OFDR signals.
    • Bragg wavelength shifts were interpreted as group delay to determine wavelength shift distribution.
    • A weighted averaging process was incorporated for effective noise reduction.

    Main Results:

    • The proposed method achieved high computational efficiency, requiring only 3.5% of the processing time of conventional methods.
    • The technique demonstrated high sensitivity to experimental signals, particularly for non-uniform strain distributions.
    • Accurate distribution of Bragg wavelength shifts was obtained.

    Conclusions:

    • The group delay-based signal processing method offers a significant improvement in efficiency and sensitivity for distributed FBG measurements.
    • This method is well-suited for analyzing strain distributions in long FBGs using OFDR.
    • The technique provides a valuable tool for advanced optical sensing applications.