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Systemic corticosteroids for acute sinusitis.

Roderick P Venekamp1, Matthew J Thompson, Gail Hayward

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This summary is machine-generated.

Systemic corticosteroids may offer short-term symptom relief for acute sinusitis when used with antibiotics, but monotherapy is ineffective. Further research is needed to confirm benefits in primary care settings.

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Area of Science:

  • Otolaryngology
  • Pharmacology
  • Clinical Medicine

Background:

  • Acute sinusitis involves nasal and paranasal mucous membrane inflammation, causing facial pain and congestion.
  • It is a frequent reason for primary care visits, impacting quality of life.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy of systemic corticosteroids for acute sinusitis.
  • To determine adverse and relapse rates compared to placebo or standard care.

Main Methods:

  • Searched CENTRAL, MEDLINE, and EMBASE databases.
  • Included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing systemic corticosteroids to placebo or standard care.
  • Assessed methodological quality and extracted data independently.

Main Results:

  • Five RCTs (1193 adults) showed oral corticosteroids improved short-term symptoms (days 3-14) when combined with antibiotics.
  • Monotherapy with corticosteroids was ineffective.
  • Mild side effects (nausea, gastric complaints) did not differ significantly from placebo.

Conclusions:

  • Corticosteroid monotherapy is ineffective for acute sinusitis.
  • Limited evidence suggests modest short-term benefit when combined with antibiotics.
  • A large primary care trial is needed to confirm benefits and establish optimal use.