Neuroimaging in cerebral palsy - report from north India
Anju Aggarwal1, Hema Mittal1, Sanjib Kr Debnath2
1Department of Pediatrics, University College of Medical Sciences, Delhi, India.
Insights
Neuroimaging reveals frequent abnormalities in Indian children with cerebral palsy (CP), with deep grey matter lesions being most common. Findings aid in identifying causes, particularly malformations, despite no correlation with birth asphyxia or CP type.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Neurology
- Neuroradiology
- Child Development
Background:
- Cerebral palsy (CP) is a significant cause of childhood disability.
- Limited Indian data exists on neuroimaging findings in pediatric CP.
- Understanding etiological factors is crucial for management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the clinico-radiological profile of children with CP in North India.
- To identify common neuroimaging abnormalities and their potential etiological links.
- To assess the utility of neuroimaging in diagnosing the cause of CP.
Main Methods:
- A study of 98 children diagnosed with CP at a tertiary care center.
- Clinical data collection including birth history and associated abnormalities.
- Neuroimaging (MRI/CT) and etiological investigations.
Main Results:
- High prevalence of neuroimaging abnormalities (95.91%) in children with CP.
- Deep grey matter abnormalities (47.8%) and periventricular white matter lesions (34%) were most frequent.
- Associated conditions included microcephaly (60.5%), epilepsy (42%), visual (37%), and hearing impairments (20%).
- No significant correlation found between neuroimaging findings and birth asphyxia, sex, epilepsy, gestation, CP type, or microcephaly.
Conclusions:
- Neuroimaging is a valuable tool for identifying abnormalities in children with CP.
- Specific findings like malformations strongly suggest etiological diagnoses.
- Further research is needed to correlate imaging findings with long-term outcomes.
Objective:
Only few Indian reports exist on neuroimaging abnormalities in children with cerebral palsy (CP) from India.
Materials & Methods:
We studied the clinico-radiological profile of 98 children diagnosed as CP at a tertiary centre in North India. Relevant investigations were carried out to determine the etiology.
Results:
Among the 98 children studied, 80.5% were males and 22.2% were premature. History of birth asphyxia was present in 41.9%. Quadriplegic CP was seen in 77.5%, hemiplegic in 11.5%, and diplegic in 10.5%. Other abnormalities were microcephaly (60.5%), epilepsy (42%), visual abnormality (37%), and hearing abnormality (20%). Neuroimaging was abnormal in 94/98 (95.91%). Abnormalities were periventricular white matter abnormalities (34%), deep grey matter abnormalities (47.8%), malformations (11.7%), and miscellaneous lesions (6.4%). Neuroimaging findings did not relate to the presence of birth asphyxia, sex, epilepsy, gestation, type of CP, or microcephaly.
Conclusions:
Neuroimaging is helpful for etiological diagnosis, especially malformations.
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