Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Attachment of Sister Chromatids02:57

Attachment of Sister Chromatids

3.1K
As cells progress into mitosis, the nuclear envelope breaks down, and the condensed chromosomes are exposed to the array of bipolar microtubules of the mitotic spindle. The kinetochore, a large, disc-shaped protein complex, is present at the centromere region of the sister chromatids and acts as a binding site for the microtubules.  Usually, the plus-end of a single microtubule is embedded within the kinetochore. However, some kinetochores first establish lateral contact with the side-wall...
3.1K
Yeast Signaling01:28

Yeast Signaling

15.7K
Yeasts are single-celled organisms, but unlike bacteria, they are eukaryotes (cells with a nucleus). Cell signaling in yeast is similar to signaling in other eukaryotic cells. A ligand, such as a protein or a small molecule released from a yeast cell, attaches to a receptor on the cell surface. The binding stimulates second-messenger kinases to activate or inactivate transcription factors that further regulate gene expression. Many of the yeast intracellular signaling cascades have similar...
15.7K
Histone Variants at the Centromere02:30

Histone Variants at the Centromere

4.0K
Histone variants are the histone proteins with structural and sequence variations. These variants may be regarded as “mutant” forms that replace their canonical histone counterparts in the nucleosomes. Specific post-translational modifications on the histone variants enable further chromatin complexity and regulate tissue-specific gene expression. The most common histone variants are from histone H2A, H2B, and linker histone H1 families. However, several variants of histone H3...
4.0K
Meiosis vs. Mitosis02:57

Meiosis vs. Mitosis

39.5K
Cell division is necessary for growth and reproduction in organisms. Mitosis aids cell growth and development by dividing somatic cells. In contrast, meiosis causes the division of germ cells and plays an essential role in sexual reproduction. Due to their unique functional requirements, mitosis and meiosis differ from each other in multiple aspects.
Before the start of mitosis and meiosis I, the cell synthesizes DNA, resulting in two homologous copies of each chromosome. DNA synthesis is...
39.5K
Chromosome Structure02:40

Chromosome Structure

22.1K
A functional eukaryotic chromosome must contain three elements: a centromere, telomeres, and numerous origins of replication.
The centromere is a DNA sequence that links sister chromatids. This is also where kinetochores, protein complexes to which spindle microtubules attach, are constructed after the chromosome is replicated. The kinetochores allow the spindle microtubules to move the chromosomes within the cell during cell division.
Telomeres consist of non-coding repetitive nucleotide...
22.1K
The Mitotic Spindle02:27

The Mitotic Spindle

7.1K
The mitotic spindle—or spindle apparatus—is a eukaryotic, cytoskeletal structure made up of long protein fibers called microtubules. Formed during cell division, the spindle separates sister chromatids and moves them to opposite ends of a parental cell, where the now individual chromosomes are distributed to two daughter cell nuclei.
The bipolar configuration of the mitotic spindle facilitates chromosomal segregation, preparing the cell for division. One mechanism that ensures...
7.1K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Topical β-Blocker as a Novel Treatment Option for Periungual Pyogenic Granuloma: A Retrospective Study of Lesion Size Reduction and Pain Improvement.

The Journal of dermatology·2026
Same author

Protection and deprotection of the Rec8 cohesin complex during meiosis.

Cell reports·2026
Same author

Interaction Between Rec8 and Mis4 Is Required for Axis-Loop Chromatin Formation and Homologous Chromosome Recombination During Meiosis.

Genes to cells : devoted to molecular & cellular mechanisms·2026
Same author

Shugoshin holds the potential to inhibit APC/C and thereby prevents separase activation.

International journal of biological macromolecules·2026
Same author

Interfacility Transfer and Mortality in Patients With Type A Acute Aortic Dissection　- Analysis of the Tokyo Acute Aortic Super-Network Database.

Circulation reports·2026
Same author

Efficacy and safety of brensocatib in Japanese patients with non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis: Analysis of the ASPEN trial.

Respiratory investigation·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 1, 2026

Use of Time-Lapse Microscopy and Stage-Specific Nuclear Depletion of Proteins to Study Meiosis in S. cerevisiae
07:48

Use of Time-Lapse Microscopy and Stage-Specific Nuclear Depletion of Proteins to Study Meiosis in S. cerevisiae

Published on: October 11, 2022

1.9K

Kinetochore composition and its function: lessons from yeasts.

Yuya Yamagishi, Takeshi Sakuno, Yuhei Goto

    FEMS Microbiology Reviews
    |March 27, 2014
    PubMed
    Summary

    Kinetochores, essential for cell division, ensure proper chromosome segregation. This review details kinetochore composition, assembly, and regulation, focusing on microtubule attachment orientation during mitosis and meiosis.

    More Related Videos

    Examination of Mitotic and Meiotic Fission Yeast Nuclear Dynamics by Fluorescence Live-cell Microscopy
    12:04

    Examination of Mitotic and Meiotic Fission Yeast Nuclear Dynamics by Fluorescence Live-cell Microscopy

    Published on: June 24, 2019

    11.2K
    Protein Purification Technique that Allows Detection of Sumoylation and Ubiquitination of Budding Yeast Kinetochore Proteins Ndc10 and Ndc80
    12:28

    Protein Purification Technique that Allows Detection of Sumoylation and Ubiquitination of Budding Yeast Kinetochore Proteins Ndc10 and Ndc80

    Published on: May 3, 2015

    11.8K

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: May 1, 2026

    Use of Time-Lapse Microscopy and Stage-Specific Nuclear Depletion of Proteins to Study Meiosis in S. cerevisiae
    07:48

    Use of Time-Lapse Microscopy and Stage-Specific Nuclear Depletion of Proteins to Study Meiosis in S. cerevisiae

    Published on: October 11, 2022

    1.9K
    Examination of Mitotic and Meiotic Fission Yeast Nuclear Dynamics by Fluorescence Live-cell Microscopy
    12:04

    Examination of Mitotic and Meiotic Fission Yeast Nuclear Dynamics by Fluorescence Live-cell Microscopy

    Published on: June 24, 2019

    11.2K
    Protein Purification Technique that Allows Detection of Sumoylation and Ubiquitination of Budding Yeast Kinetochore Proteins Ndc10 and Ndc80
    12:28

    Protein Purification Technique that Allows Detection of Sumoylation and Ubiquitination of Budding Yeast Kinetochore Proteins Ndc10 and Ndc80

    Published on: May 3, 2015

    11.8K

    Area of Science:

    • Cell Biology
    • Molecular Biology
    • Genetics

    Background:

    • Kinetochores are crucial protein complexes on centromeres, essential for accurate chromosome segregation during cell division.
    • Centromere protein A (CENP-A) serves as a key landmark for kinetochore assembly, despite variations in centromeric DNA sequences across species.
    • Kinetochores mediate spindle-microtubule attachments, controlling chromosome movement in mitosis and meiosis.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review the current understanding of kinetochore composition, assembly, functions, and regulation.
    • To highlight the conserved nature of kinetochore components across eukaryotes.
    • To focus on the molecular mechanisms regulating kinetochore-microtubule attachment orientation, particularly differences between mitosis and meiosis.

    Main Methods:

    • Literature review of studies on fission and budding yeasts.
    • Analysis of conserved kinetochore components.
    • Examination of regulatory mechanisms for kinetochore-microtubule attachment.

    Main Results:

    • Kinetochores are highly conserved protein complexes vital for chromosome segregation.
    • CENP-A acts as a centromere identifier, crucial for kinetochore assembly.
    • Regulation of kinetochore-microtubule attachment orientation is critical for faithful cell division.

    Conclusions:

    • Understanding kinetochore function is key to comprehending cell proliferation.
    • The review synthesizes current knowledge on kinetochore dynamics and regulation.
    • Further research into the distinct regulatory mechanisms of microtubule attachment in mitosis versus meiosis is warranted.