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Advances in bronchopulmonary dysplasia

Lannae Strueby1, Bernard Thébaud

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.

Expert Review of Respiratory Medicine
|March 27, 2014
PubMed

Insights

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a serious complication in premature infants. This review covers BPD

Area of Science:

  • Neonatal Medicine
  • Pediatric Pulmonology
  • Respiratory Medicine

Background:

  • Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a chronic respiratory disease affecting extremely premature infants.
  • It remains a common and serious complication of premature birth, with unchanged incidence despite advances in neonatal care.
  • The definition and understanding of BPD have evolved over the past four decades.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the historical evolution of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) and its diagnostic criteria.
  • To summarize current therapeutic strategies for managing BPD.
  • To explore promising future investigational therapies for BPD, including stem cell-based approaches.

Main Methods:

  • This review synthesizes existing literature on BPD.
  • It examines the progression of diagnostic criteria and therapeutic interventions over time.
  • Focus is placed on pharmacologic, supportive, and emerging stem cell-based therapies.

Main Results:

  • Current management includes pharmacologic agents like methylxanthines, corticosteroids, and vitamin A.
  • Supportive therapies focus on non-invasive ventilation and controlled oxygen delivery to minimize lung injury.
  • Stem cell-based therapies represent a novel and promising avenue for BPD prevention and treatment.

Conclusions:

  • Despite advances, BPD incidence remains a significant challenge in neonatal care.
  • A combination of optimized supportive care and targeted pharmacologic treatments is crucial.
  • Investigational therapies, particularly stem cell approaches, offer hope for improved BPD outcomes.

Keywords:
agingbronchopulmonary dysplasiacorticosteroidsinflammationlung injurymechanical ventilationnitric oxideprematuritystem cellsvitamin A

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