Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 1, 2026

Quantification of Levator Ani Hiatus Enlargement by Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Males and Females with Pelvic Organ Prolapse
07:41

Quantification of Levator Ani Hiatus Enlargement by Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Males and Females with Pelvic Organ Prolapse

Published on: April 17, 2019

9.4K

Transient abdominal wall deformity in an infant Blaming the caudal?

Sylvain Tosetti1, Chantal Frigon

  • 1Department of Paediatric Anaesthesia, The Montreal Children's Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.

Paediatric Anaesthesia
|March 27, 2014
PubMed

Insights

Transient abdominal wall deformity can occur in infants after caudal anesthesia due to increased local anesthetic spread. This case highlights unique pediatric considerations for regional anesthesia techniques.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Anesthesiology
  • Regional Anesthesia Techniques
  • Perioperative Pain Management

Background:

  • Locoregional anesthesia is crucial for perioperative analgesia, reducing anesthetic and opioid needs and the surgical stress response.
  • Pediatric patients, particularly infants, exhibit unique sensitivities to regional anesthesia, including heightened sensitivity to local anesthetics (LA).
  • Techniques relying on LA volume and spread, such as those for abdominal wall or caudal analgesia, may be more prone to complications in infants.

Observation:

  • A case of transient abdominal wall deformity was observed in an infant following caudal anesthesia.
  • This specific complication relates to the increased ease of LA spread in infants.

Findings:

  • Infants demonstrate increased sensitivity and LA spread, particularly with volume-dependent blocks.
  • Caudal anesthesia, commonly used for pediatric abdominal analgesia, can lead to unexpected spread.

Implications:

  • Clinicians must consider the specific anatomical and physiological differences in infants when performing regional anesthesia.
  • Careful titration of local anesthetic volume is essential to prevent adverse events like transient abdominal wall deformity.
  • Further research into pediatric-specific dosing and techniques for regional anesthesia is warranted.

Keywords:
adverse eventscomplicationsinfantlocal anestheticsquality improvementregional

More Related Videos

Spinal Hernia Repair and Cauda Equina Repositioning After Lumbar Decompression under Three-Dimensional Microscopy: A Case Report and Literature Review04:33

Spinal Hernia Repair and Cauda Equina Repositioning After Lumbar Decompression under Three-Dimensional Microscopy: A Case Report and Literature Review

Published on: November 8, 2024

1.1K
Continuous Telemetric In Utero Tracheal Pressure Measurements in Fetal Lambs05:40

Continuous Telemetric In Utero Tracheal Pressure Measurements in Fetal Lambs

Published on: December 22, 2023

736

Related Concept Videos

Appendicitis-I: Introduction01:22

Appendicitis-I: Introduction

The appendix, a small, narrow, blind tube extending from the inferior part of the cecum, is widely regarded as a vestigial organ, having lost much of its original function through evolution. Despite its diminished role, the appendix can become inflamed, a condition known as appendicitis.
Etiology: Appendicitis can arise from various causes, primarily rooted in the obstruction of the appendix lumen. Factors contributing to this obstruction include fecal accumulation, lymphoid hyperplasia and, in...
4.4K
Muscles of the Abdomen01:21

Muscles of the Abdomen

The abdominal wall encircles the abdominal cavity, providing flexible protection and shielding the internal organs from harm. It is bordered at the top by the xiphoid process and costal margins, at the back by the vertebral column, and at the bottom by the pelvic bones and inguinal ligament. The abdominal wall is divided into two regions — the anterolateral and posterior regions.
Anterolateral Region
The anterolateral region comprises five paired muscles classified into the lateral and...
4.7K
Diverticular Disease of the Colon01:27

Diverticular Disease of the Colon

Diverticular disease involves the formation of diverticula—small sac-like outpouchings of the colonic wall—and their complications. It most commonly affects the sigmoid colon due to higher intraluminal pressure and structural vulnerability. It results from structural weakness and increased pressure in the colon, producing pseudodiverticula that may remain silent or progress to inflammation and serious complications.Structure of DiverticulaIn diverticulosis, these outpouchings are...
44
Appendicitis01:19

Appendicitis

Appendicitis is an acute inflammatory condition of the vermiform appendix, most commonly caused by obstruction of its lumen. The appendix is a narrow, blind-ended pouch that extends from the cecum, making it particularly prone to obstruction. Causes include fecaliths, lymphoid hyperplasia (often after viral infections), parasites, tumors, or foreign bodies. This obstruction initiates a cascade of pathological changes.Luminal Obstruction and Early InflammationAfter obstruction, normal mucosal...
29
Assessment of the Rectum and Anus01:25

Assessment of the Rectum and Anus

Evaluating the rectum and anus plays a crucial role in conducting a thorough physical examination of the gastrointestinal system. Although it may be uncomfortable and often embarrassing for the patient, it holds immense diagnostic value, particularly in detecting gastrointestinal diseases and abnormalities. This guide will explain how to perform this assessment using inspection and palpation methods.
Rectal Inspection
Begin by inspecting the perianal and anal areas for color, texture, rashes,...
2.1K
Hiatal Hernia01:25

Hiatal Hernia

A hiatal hernia is the abnormal protrusion of the stomach or other abdominal organs through the esophageal hiatus of the diaphragm into the thoracic cavity.Normally, the gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) lies below the diaphragm and is supported by the phrenoesophageal membrane, the diaphragmatic crura, and connective tissues. Weakening of these structures—due to aging, congenital defects like a short esophagus, or increased intra-abdominal pressure from coughing, obesity, pregnancy, or...
86