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The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
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Several factors can increase the risk of cancer in an individual. About 50% of cancer cases can be prevented by adopting a healthy lifestyle, regular exercise, eating healthy, and following a modest cancer prevention diet. Epidemiological studies have consistently shown that populations with vegetable and fruit-rich diets have reduced the incidence of cancer. On the other hand, populations who have a diet rich in animal fat, red meat, junk food, or high calories are predisposed to cancer.
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Focus issue: Refining the war on cancer.

Leslie K Ferrarelli1

  • 1Associate Editor of Science Signaling, American Association for the Advancement of Science, 1200 New York Avenue, N.W., Washington, DC 20005, USA.

Science Signaling
|March 27, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Preventing cancer spread (metastasis) and drug resistance is key. Understanding tumor microenvironment inflammation and cellular responses to therapy can improve treatments for aggressive cancers.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Cancer Research

Background:

  • Cancer treatment aims to inhibit primary tumor growth and prevent metastasis.
  • Targeted therapeutics have emerged from understanding cancer cell molecular pathways.
  • Drug resistance and metastatic progression remain significant clinical challenges.

Discussion:

  • The tumor microenvironment's inflammatory pathways are crucial for cancer progression.
  • Cellular responses to cancer therapies require detailed investigation.
  • Understanding these processes can inform new therapeutic strategies.

Key Insights:

  • Dissecting inflammation in the tumor microenvironment is vital.
  • Analyzing molecular changes in cells during therapy is essential.

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  • These insights are particularly relevant for aggressive breast and skin cancers.

    • Outlook:

    • Improved clinical strategies for aggressive cancers are anticipated.
    • Further research into molecular pathways may yield novel treatments.
    • Combating drug resistance and metastasis remains a primary goal.