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Weight loss effects from vegetable intake: a 12-month randomised controlled trial.

L C Tapsell¹, M J Batterham¹, R L Thorne¹

¹School of Medicine, Smart Foods Centre, Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia.

European Journal of Clinical Nutrition

|March 27, 2014

Summary

Higher vegetable intake may support greater short-term weight loss and satiety in overweight adults. A healthy low-energy diet leads to sustained weight loss and improved cardiovascular risk factors.

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Area of Science:

Nutrition Science
Dietary Interventions
Weight Management

Background:

Evidence on vegetable intake's impact on weight loss is limited.
This study assessed the effect of increased vegetable consumption on weight loss outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the impact of higher vegetable intake on weight loss in overweight adults.
To determine if increased vegetable consumption influences weight loss sustainability and cardiovascular risk factors.

Main Methods:

A 12-month single-blind parallel controlled trial involving 120 overweight adults.
Participants were randomized into two groups receiving healthy diet advice with differing vegetable portion sizes.
Weight loss and changes in metabolic markers were analyzed using intention-to-treat and linear mixed models.

Main Results:

Both groups achieved sustained weight loss of 6.5±5.2 kg over 12 months, with no significant difference between groups.
Increased vegetable intake correlated with greater short-term weight loss.
Improvements in fasting glucose, insulin, triglycerides, and HDL cholesterol were observed in both groups.

Conclusions:

A healthy low-energy diet promotes sustained weight loss and improves cardiovascular risk factors, irrespective of vegetable emphasis.
Higher vegetable proportion may enhance short-term weight loss and dietary satisfaction.
The dietary pattern appears sustainable for long-term weight management.