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Related Concept Videos

Inflammatory Response01:28

Inflammatory Response

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An inflammatory response is a localized, nonspecific immune reaction that occurs when a tissue is injured. It is characterized by redness, swelling, heat, and pain, which are commonly called the cardinal signs and symptoms of inflammation. Inflammation can sometimes result in a loss of function.
Inflammation can be triggered by various stimuli, such as impact, abrasion, chemical irritation, infections, and extreme hot or cold temperatures. These can damage cells and connective tissue fibers,...
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Inflammation01:38

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Overview
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Inflammation: Introduction01:28

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Inflammation is a fundamental, protective biological response of vascularized tissues to cellular injury, infection, or harmful stimuli. Its primary function is to eliminate the initial cause of injury, clear necrotic cells and damaged tissue, and initiate the necessary repair processes.Cardinal SignsAcute inflammation presents with classic signs. Redness results from vasodilation and increased blood flow. Heat is due to increased metabolism and circulation. Swelling results from the...
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Inflammatory Response I: Vascular and Cellular01:30

Inflammatory Response I: Vascular and Cellular

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The inflammatory response is the body's defense against infection, injury, or irritation from bacteria, trauma, toxins, or heat. Inflammation helps locate and destroy pathogens and remove damaged tissue elements to heal the body. During this initial phase, fluid, blood products, and nutrients migrate to the injured area, resulting in redness, heat, swelling, ache, and loss of function. Moreover, signs of systemic inflammation include fever, increased WBC count, malaise, anorexia, nausea,...
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Chronic Inflammation: Introduction01:12

Chronic Inflammation: Introduction

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Chronic inflammation is a prolonged, dysregulated immune response that persists for weeks to years when the inciting stimulus is difficult to eradicate or when self‑antigens drive ongoing reactivity. Morphologically, it is defined by mononuclear cell infiltration, progressive tissue destruction, and concurrent attempts at healing via angiogenesis and fibrosis. Compared with acute inflammation, edema is less prominent while cellular infiltration predominates; triggers include persistent...
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Acute Inflammation I: Inflammatory Response01:26

Acute Inflammation I: Inflammatory Response

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Acute inflammation is a rapid, short-lived physiological response to tissue injury or infection, designed to eliminate harmful agents and initiate repair. This tightly regulated process typically lasts from minutes to several days and is triggered by factors such as microbial invasion, physical trauma, or chemical injury.Recognition and Mediator ReleaseThe inflammatory response begins when resident immune cells—such as mast cells, macrophages, and dendritic cells—detect...
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Updated: May 1, 2026

Screening Assays to Characterize Novel Endothelial Regulators Involved in the Inflammatory Response
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Screening Assays to Characterize Novel Endothelial Regulators Involved in the Inflammatory Response

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Keeping inflammation at bay.

David Wallach1, Andrew Kovalenko

  • 1David Wallach is an eLife reviewing editor, and is in the Department of Biological Chemistry, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel d.wallach@weizmann.ac.il.

Elife
|March 27, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cells undergoing apoptosis release adenosine monophosphate, triggering an anti-inflammatory gene response in neighboring cells. This discovery highlights a new mechanism in cellular communication and inflammation control.

Keywords:
adenosine receptorsapoptosisinflammationmacrophage

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Area of Science:

  • Cell biology
  • Immunology
  • Molecular biology

Background:

  • Apoptosis, or programmed cell death, is a critical physiological process.
  • Cellular communication mechanisms underlying inflammatory responses are not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of compounds released by apoptotic cells in modulating the inflammatory response of neighboring cells.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of compounds released by cells undergoing apoptosis.
  • Gene expression profiling of recipient cells exposed to apoptotic cell-derived factors.

Main Results:

  • Adenosine monophosphate (AMP) was identified as a key compound released by apoptotic cells.
  • Exposure to AMP induced significant changes in the expression of anti-inflammatory genes in recipient cells.

Conclusions:

  • Adenosine monophosphate released during apoptosis acts as a signal to initiate an anti-inflammatory gene response.
  • This finding reveals a novel pathway by which dying cells can actively regulate inflammation.