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Related Concept Videos

The Influence of Cognition on Affect01:29

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Cognition plays a pivotal role in shaping emotional experiences, as demonstrated by Schachter and Singer’s two-factor theory of emotion. According to this model, emotion arises from a combination of physiological arousal and cognitive interpretation. The body’s physiological response to stimuli is ambiguous and only gains emotional significance through cognitive labeling. For instance, an increased heart rate and adrenaline surge while standing near an attractive person may be...
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Cognitive therapy, pioneered by Aaron T. Beck in the 1960s, is a structured approach to addressing psychological distress by focusing on the influence of thoughts on emotions and behaviors. All cognitive therapies involve the basic assumption that human beings have control over their feelings, and that how individuals feel about something depends on how they think about it. Unlike psychoanalytic methods that delve into unconscious processes or humanistic approaches emphasizing...
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Depressive disorders result from a complex interplay of biological, psychological, and sociocultural factors, each contributing uniquely to the development and persistence of the condition. Understanding these factors provides critical insight into the multifaceted nature of depression.
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Positive affect significantly influences cognitive processes, including evaluation, memory, creativity, and social judgments. Compared to negative affect, positive emotional states promote more favorable interpretations of stimuli, cognitive flexibility, and heuristic processing. These effects highlight emotions' powerful role in shaping how individuals perceive, remember, and interact with the world.Influence on Evaluation and AttributionWhen individuals experience positive affect, they are...
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Cognitive processes and emotion regulation in depression.

Jutta Joormann1, Meghan E Quinn

  • 1Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois.

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Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) involves persistent negative emotions and reduced positive feelings. Cognitive biases and impaired cognitive control may underlie difficulties in emotion regulation, contributing to MDD symptoms.

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CognitionCopingDepressionMood disordersStress

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Clinical Psychiatry

Background:

  • Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is characterized by sustained negative affect and diminished positive affect.
  • Difficulties in emotion regulation are central to MDD's core symptoms.
  • The underlying mechanisms of these emotion regulation difficulties remain unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the role of cognitive processes in emotion regulation difficulties within MDD.
  • To review empirical evidence linking cognitive biases and deficits in cognitive control to affective symptoms in MDD.
  • To discuss novel treatment strategies informed by cognitive theories of depression.

Main Methods:

  • Review of empirical studies investigating the relationship between cognitive biases, cognitive control, and emotion regulation in MDD.
  • Analysis of theoretical frameworks from cognitive psychology applied to depression.
  • Synthesis of findings to inform treatment development.

Main Results:

  • Cognitive biases and deficits in cognitive control are implicated in impaired emotion regulation.
  • These cognitive factors contribute to the maintenance of negative affect and reduction of positive affect in MDD.
  • Empirical studies support the link between cognitive processes and affective symptoms.

Conclusions:

  • Cognitive processes, specifically biases and control deficits, play a significant role in the emotion regulation difficulties observed in MDD.
  • Understanding these cognitive underpinnings offers potential for developing targeted therapeutic interventions.
  • Future research should continue to explore and refine cognitive-based treatments for depression.