Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 1, 2026

An Automated Culture System for Use in Preclinical Testing of Host-Directed Therapies for Tuberculosis
09:34

An Automated Culture System for Use in Preclinical Testing of Host-Directed Therapies for Tuberculosis

Published on: August 16, 2021

2.1K

Non-response to the intensive phase of anti-tuberculosis treatment in children: evaluation and outcome [Short

A Yadav1, G R Sethi1, M Mantan1

  • 1Department of Paediatrics, Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi, India.

The International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease : the Official Journal of the International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease
|March 28, 2014
PubMed

Insights

Many children do not respond to tuberculosis treatment due to incorrect diagnosis or inadequate therapy. Persistent symptoms in pediatric tuberculosis are often over-diagnosed, highlighting the need for accurate initial assessment.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Infectious Diseases
  • Respiratory Medicine
  • Clinical Microbiology

Background:

  • Persistent symptoms and radiological signs after intensive anti-tuberculosis treatment in children are a clinical challenge.
  • Understanding the reasons for treatment failure is crucial for optimizing pediatric tuberculosis management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the causes of persistent symptoms and radiological signs in children after 2 months of intensive anti-tuberculosis treatment.
  • To evaluate the frequency of misdiagnosis and inadequate treatment in pediatric tuberculosis cases with poor treatment response.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective observational study enrolling 26 pediatric patients with partial or no response to anti-tuberculosis treatment.
  • Detailed patient history, clinical workup, and analysis of treatment outcomes.

Main Results:

  • A significant proportion of children (34.6%) had an incorrect initial diagnosis.
  • Inadequate treatment or complications requiring prolonged therapy were observed in 46.2% of patients.
  • Only 19.2% of patients genuinely failed to respond to treatment.

Conclusions:

  • Failure to respond to anti-tuberculosis treatment in pediatric tuberculosis appears to be frequently over-diagnosed.
  • Accurate initial diagnosis and appropriate treatment regimens are critical for successful outcomes in pediatric tuberculosis.

More Related Videos

A High-throughput Compatible Assay to Evaluate Drug Efficacy against Macrophage Passaged Mycobacterium tuberculosis10:29

A High-throughput Compatible Assay to Evaluate Drug Efficacy against Macrophage Passaged Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Published on: March 24, 2017

7.4K

Related Concept Videos

Pulmonary Tuberculosis V01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis V

Medical management of tuberculosis (TB) patients involves a comprehensive approach that includes diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring. The specific strategies can vary depending on the type of tuberculosis (latent or active), the patient's overall health status, and other considerations.
Latent tuberculosis infection occurs when TB bacteria are present in a person's body, but are not causing illness or symptoms. It is not contagious, and preventive treatment is crucial to avoid the...
1.0K
Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV01:26

Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV

Tuberculosis, more commonly referred to as TB, is an infectious disease stemming from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While it primarily impacts the lungs, TB can also affect other body areas. Given its severity and global impact, timely and accurate diagnosis is crucial for controlling its spread and improving patient outcomes.
Several diagnostic approaches are used to detect TB. The conventional method is the Tuberculin Skin Test (TST), also known as the Mantoux test. However, this method has...
828
Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Excretion01:26

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Excretion

In pediatric medicine, understanding the renal function and drug elimination nuances is crucial for administering safe and effective treatments. Newborns, in particular, display markedly slower renal functions than adults, profoundly affecting how drugs are cleared from their bodies. This slower drug clearance requires clinicians to extend the dosing intervals for many medications to prevent drug accumulation and toxicity while ensuring therapeutic efficacy.One key area where these adjustments...
408
Pulmonary Tuberculosis III01:31

Pulmonary Tuberculosis III

Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious infection primarily affecting the lung parenchyma but which can also affect other body parts. TB can be classified based on disease development, presentation, and the affected anatomical site.
The first classification is based on the development of the disease, and it includes the following categories:
1.8K
Pulmonary Tuberculosis I01:29

Pulmonary Tuberculosis I

Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
1.7K
Pulmonary Tuberculosis II01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis II

Tuberculosis, or TB, is a bacterial infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While its primary impact is on the lungs, leading to pulmonary tuberculosis, it can also affect various other organs, a condition referred to as extrapulmonary tuberculosis.
Here is a detailed explanation of its pathophysiology:
Transmission: The process begins when a person inhales droplet nuclei containing M. tuberculosis. These are typically released into the air when an individual with pulmonary or...
2.5K