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Updated: May 1, 2026

A Simplified Stepwise Approach to Echo Guidance during Percutaneous Mitral Valve Repair
Published on: October 16, 2021
Review of mitral valve insufficiency: repair or replacement
Athanasios Madesis1, Kosmas Tsakiridis1, Paul Zarogoulidis1
11 Cardiothoracic Department, "G. Papanikolaou" General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece ; 2 Cardiothoracic Surgery Department, "Saint Luke" Private Hospital, Thessaloniki, Panorama, Greece ; 3 Pulmonary Department-Oncology Unit, "G. Papanikolaou" General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece ; 4 Surgery Department (NHS), University General Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Alexandroupolis, Greece ; 5 Medical Oncology, "Saint Luke" Private Hospital, Thessaloniki, Panorama, Greece ; 6 Internal Medicine Department, "Theageneio" Anticancer Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece ; 7 Cardiology Department, "Saint Luke" Private Hospital, Thessaloniki, Panorama, Greece ; 8 Anesthesiology Department, "Saint Luke" Private Hospital, Thessaloniki, Panorama, Greece.
Abstract:
Mitral valve (MV) dysfunction is the second-most common clinically significant form of valvular defect in adults. MV regurgitation occurs with the increasing frequency of degenerative changes of the aging process. Moreover, other causes of clinically significant MV regurgitation include cardiac ischemia, infective endocarditis and rhematic disease more frequently in less developed countries. Recent evidence suggests that the best outcomes after repair of severe degenerative mitral regurgitation (MR) are achieved in asymptomatic or minimally symptomatic patients, who are selected for surgery soon after diagnosis on the basis of echocardiography. This review will focus on the surgical management of mitral insufficiency according to its aetiology today and will give insight to some of the perspectives that lay in the future.
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