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Related Concept Videos

Phosphoinositides and PIPs01:42

Phosphoinositides and PIPs

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Phosphoinositides are a group of phospholipids containing a glycerol backbone with two fatty acid chains and a phosphate attached to a myoinositol sugar ring. The inositol head group extends into the cytoplasm, where it is modified by adding phosphate groups to form phosphatidylinositol phosphates or PIPs.
Different phosphoinositides are synthesized and recruited on the cytosolic face of the plasma membrane. The localization of specific phosphoinositides concentrated in separate membrane...
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The Phosphorus Cycle01:21

The Phosphorus Cycle

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Unlike carbon, water, and nitrogen, phosphorus is not present in the atmosphere as a gas. Instead, most phosphorus in the ecosystem exists as compounds, such as phosphate ions (PO43-), found in soil, water, sediment and rocks. Phosphorus is often a limiting nutrient (i.e., in short supply). Consequently, phosphorus is added to most agricultural fertilizers, which can cause environmental problems related to runoff in aquatic ecosystems.
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ATP Driven Pumps I: An Overview01:27

ATP Driven Pumps I: An Overview

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ATP-driven pumps, also known as transport ATPases, are integral membrane proteins. They have binding sites for ATP located on the membrane's cytosolic side and the ion-conducting domain in the transmembrane region. These pumps use the free energy released from ATP hydrolysis to move the solutes across cell membranes against an electrochemical gradient.
There are four main types of ATP-driven pumps - P-type, V-type, F-type, and ABC transporter. All these pumps are of varying complexities and...
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Phosphorylation01:02

Phosphorylation

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The addition or removal of phosphate groups from proteins is the most common chemical modification that regulates cellular processes. These modifications can affect the structure, activity, stability, and localization of proteins within cells as well as their interactions with other proteins.
During phosphorylation, protein kinases transfer the terminal phosphate group of ATP to specific amino acid side chains of substrate proteins. Serine, threonine, and tyrosine are the most commonly...
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Protein Kinases and Phosphatases02:54

Protein Kinases and Phosphatases

12.1K
Proteins undergo chemical modifications that trigger changes in the charge, structure, and conformation of the proteins. Phosphorylation, acetylation, glycosylation, nitrosylation, ubiquitination, lipidation, methylation, and proteolysis are various protein modifications that regulate protein activity. Such modifications are usually enzyme-driven.
Protein kinases
Many proteins in the cell are regulated by phosphorylation, the addition of a phosphate group. A family of enzymes called kinases...
12.1K
ATP Energy Storage and Release01:31

ATP Energy Storage and Release

10.0K
ATP is a highly unstable molecule. Unless quickly used to perform work, ATP spontaneously dissociates into ADP and inorganic phosphate (Pi), and the free energy released during this process is lost as heat. The energy released by ATP hydrolysis is used to perform work inside the cell and depends on a strategy called energy coupling. Cells couple the exergonic reaction of ATP hydrolysis with endergonic reactions, allowing them to proceed.
One example of energy coupling using ATP involves a...
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Updated: May 1, 2026

Assaying for Inorganic Polyphosphate in Bacteria
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Assaying for Inorganic Polyphosphate in Bacteria

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Inorganic phosphate uptake in unicellular eukaryotes.

Claudia F Dick1, André L A Dos-Santos1, José R Meyer-Fernandes2

  • 1Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.

Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta
|March 29, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Inorganic phosphate (Pi) uptake is crucial for life. This review examines Pi transporters in microorganisms, highlighting their role in nutrient acquisition and cellular signaling.

Keywords:
Neurospora crassaP(i) transporterPlasmodium falciparumSaccharomyces cerevisiaeTrypanosoma cruziTrypanosoma rangeli

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Identification of Inositol Phosphate or Phosphoinositide Interacting Proteins by Affinity Chromatography Coupled to Western Blot or Mass Spectrometry
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Identification of Inositol Phosphate or Phosphoinositide Interacting Proteins by Affinity Chromatography Coupled to Western Blot or Mass Spectrometry

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Preparation of Quality Inositol Pyrophosphates
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Identification of Inositol Phosphate or Phosphoinositide Interacting Proteins by Affinity Chromatography Coupled to Western Blot or Mass Spectrometry
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Preparation of Quality Inositol Pyrophosphates
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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Inorganic phosphate (Pi) is an essential nutrient for all life forms.
  • Pi transport across the plasma membrane is the initial step in its utilization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent findings on Pi uptake mechanisms in unicellular eukaryotes.
  • To compare Pi transporters in fungi and parasitic protozoans.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of gene sequences of Pi transporters.
  • Comparison of biochemical profiles, including kinetic and modulator parameters.

Main Results:

  • Identified and characterized Pi transporters in key microorganisms.
  • Evaluated functional and regulatory aspects of Pi transport.

Conclusions:

  • Pi uptake is central to Pi homeostasis and signaling in eukaryotic microorganisms.
  • Biochemical and structural studies are vital for understanding Pi homeostasis and related pathways.