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Related Concept Videos

Fractures: Bone Repair01:27

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Treatment for a fracture is based on the type of break, the bone affected, and the patient's age.
Minor fractures with no bone displacement are treated by immobilizing the fractured bone using a cast or splint. However, in the case of fractures with displaced bones, the broken bones are repositioned before immobilization to ensure successful healing without deformation and loss of function. The realignment of fractured bone ends is performed through a process called reduction. If the...
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Functional Classification of Joints
The functional classification of joints is determined by the amount of mobility between the adjacent bones. Joints are functionally classified as a synarthrosis or immobile joint, an amphiarthrosis or slightly moveable joint, or as a diarthrosis, a freely moveable joint. Fibrous and cartilaginous joints can be functionally classified as either synarthroses  or amphiarthroses, whereas all synovial joints are classified as diarthroses.
Synarthrosis
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Bones of the Upper Limb: Ulna01:15

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The ulna and radius are parallel bones of the antebrachium or the forearm. The ulna lies medially and consists of a bony tip called the olecranon process at its proximal end. This hook-like projection articulates with the olecranon fossa of the humerus and forms the "hinged" ulnohumeral part of the elbow joint. This joint facilitates forearm extension and flexion while preventing its hyperextension. Similarly, the coronoid process, another bony projection on the proximal/anterior side...
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The radius is longer of the two bones that make up the human antebrachium or forearm. At the proximal end, the radius articulates with the capitulum of the humerus and the radial notch of the ulna to form the elbow joint. At the distal end, the radius articulates with the ulna via the ulnar notch, forming the distal radioulnar joint. Distally, the radius also attaches to the carpal wrist bones (scaphoid and lunate) to form the radiocarpal joint.
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The ankle is formed by the talocrural joint (crural = leg). It consists of the articulations between the talus bone of the foot and the distal ends of the tibia and fibula of the leg. The superior aspect of the talus bone is square-shaped and has three areas of articulation. The top of the talus articulates with the inferior tibia. This is the portion of the ankle joint that carries the body weight between the leg and foot. The sides of the talus are firmly held in position by the articulations...
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Joints01:26

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Joints, also called articulations or articular surfaces, are points at which ligaments or other tissues connect adjacent bones. Joints permit movement and stability, and can be classified based on their structure or function.
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Pseudofracture: An Acute Peripheral Tissue Trauma Model
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Fracture dislocation of the finger joints.

Chirag M Shah1, T G Sommerkamp1

  • 1University of Cincinnati, Department of Orthopedics-Hand Surgery Specialists, Cincinnati, OH.

The Journal of Hand Surgery
|April 1, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Fracture dislocations of the hand require prompt recognition and stable reduction for optimal outcomes. Early motion, balanced with joint stability, is crucial to minimize stiffness and pain after these complex injuries.

Keywords:
Fingerdislocationfracturejointsubluxation

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedic Surgery
  • Hand Surgery
  • Traumatology

Background:

  • Fracture dislocations of the hand are complex injuries.
  • Managing these injuries requires balancing joint stability and mobility.
  • Optimal treatment is essential to prevent long-term complications like stiffness and pain.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an updated review of current management strategies for hand fracture dislocations.
  • To cover proximal interphalangeal, distal interphalangeal, and metacarpophalangeal joint injuries.
  • To guide surgeons in tailoring treatment to specific fracture patterns.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature and established treatment principles.
  • Focus on key elements: early recognition, stable reduction, and protected early motion.
  • Discussion of various treatment options for different fracture patterns.

Main Results:

  • Early recognition and stable, concentric reduction are critical.
  • Protected early active range of motion is vital for maintaining joint stability.
  • A tailored approach using a variety of treatments improves outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • Effective management of hand fracture dislocations relies on a combination of surgical skill and appropriate rehabilitation.
  • Minimizing residual stiffness and pain is achievable with precise treatment.
  • This review offers current concepts for managing these challenging hand injuries.