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Related Concept Videos

T Cell Types and Functions01:24

T Cell Types and Functions

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When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
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Autoimmune Disorders01:29

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Autoimmune diseases are a group of disorders in which the body's immune system mistakenly attacks its own cells, tissues, and organs. This results from an overactive immune response against substances and tissues normally present in the body. Let's delve into the concept and mechanism of autoimmune diseases from an immune system point of view, explore different causes and examples of such diseases, and discuss potential solutions.
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Cells of the Adaptive Immune Response01:23

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The T and B lymphocytes of the adaptive immune system develop from common lymphoid progenitor cells in the bone marrow. These progenitors give rise to precursors that eventually develop into both T and B lymphocytes. As these precursors mature, they gain the ability to detect and respond to foreign antigens in the body, a process known as immunocompetence. Additionally, these precursors acquire self-tolerance, a process that ensures they do not react to self-antigens. This intricate system...
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Antigens Involved in Adaptive Immunity01:26

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An antigen is any substance the immune system identifies as foreign and potentially harmful to the body, prompting an immune response. Antigens have two functional properties: immunogenicity and reactivity. Immunogenicity is the ability of an antigen to stimulate a specific immune response. At the same time, reactivity describes the antigen's ability to react with the cells and antibodies produced in response to it.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 1, 2026

Isolation and Th17 Differentiation of Na&#239;ve CD4 T Lymphocytes
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Th17 cells in central nervous system autoimmunity.

Christopher Sie1, Thomas Korn2, Meike Mitsdoerffer2

  • 1Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Department of Neurology, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675 Munich, Germany.

Experimental Neurology
|April 1, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a central nervous system autoimmune disease. Th17 cells are key to its immunopathology, with research exploring their induction, plasticity, and mucosal immunity regulation.

Keywords:
Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitisMultiple sclerosisTh17 cells

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Neuroscience
  • Autoimmunity

Background:

  • Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a primary autoimmune disorder affecting the central nervous system (CNS).
  • Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) serves as a crucial animal model for MS, aiding in the identification of T helper 17 (Th17) cells.
  • Research into Th17 cells has significantly advanced the understanding of organ-specific autoimmunity and immunological responses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current knowledge on Th17 cells in the context of EAE and MS immunopathology.
  • To discuss recent advancements in the induction, modulation, and effector functions of Th17 cells.
  • To explore the role of mucosal immunity and Th17 cell plasticity in CNS autoimmunity.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of current research on Th17 cells in EAE and MS.
  • Analysis of studies on Th17 cell induction, modulation, and effector mechanisms.
  • Examination of emerging evidence on mucosal immunity and Th17 cell plasticity.

Main Results:

  • Th17 cells are pivotal in the immunopathology of EAE and MS.
  • Mucosal immunity plays an emerging role in regulating Th17 cells and CNS autoimmunity.
  • Th17 cells exhibit significant plasticity and have defined molecular mechanisms contributing to disease.

Conclusions:

  • Th17 cells are central to the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis and its animal model, EAE.
  • Understanding Th17 cell plasticity, mucosal immunity interactions, and effector mechanisms is crucial for developing therapeutic strategies for MS.
  • Continued research into Th17 cells offers insights into broader organ-specific autoimmune diseases.