Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 1, 2026

Vascularized Composite Upper Limb Allograft Harvesting for Proximal Arm Allotransplantation
Published on: June 13, 2025
Proximal humerus fractures with associated axillary artery injury
Robert Thorsness1, Christopher English, Jonathan Gross
1Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY.
Abstract:
Proximal humerus fractures have rarely been associated with injuries to the axillary artery. Most of the fractures described have been Neer 2-part surgical neck fractures with medialization of the shaft fragment and resultant laceration or thrombosis of the axillary artery. No intraoperative deaths have been reported. We present a series of 3 proximal humerus fractures, 2 of which are Neer 3- to 4-part anterior fracture dislocations, and associated axillary artery injury. There were 2 mortalities, 1 intraoperative. After a thorough review of the English literature, we identified an additional 11 cases of axillary artery injury associated with proximal humerus fracture. The purpose of this study was to heighten the clinical suspicion of this vascular injury in patients with proximal humerus fracture dislocations and surgical neck fractures with shaft medialization, as well as to review pathogenesis and guide management decisions.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
Arteries of the Upper Limbs
Bones of the Upper Limb: Humerus
Bones of the Upper Limb: Radius
The radius has a nail-shaped head, and a...
Bones of the Upper Limb: Ulna
Muscles that Move the Arm
The pectoralis major has two origins. Its clavicular head originates on the medial half of the clavicle. In contrast, the sternocostal head originates on the costal cartilages of ribs 1-6, the sternum, and the aponeurosis of the external oblique of the...
Veins of Upper Limbs
The deep venous system is primarily composed of the ulnar and radial veins. The ulnar vein, which drains the fingers through the superficial palmar venous arches, and the radial vein, which serves the palms via the deep palmar...

