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Updated: May 1, 2026

Aptamer-Based Target Detection Facilitated by a 3-Stage G-Quadruplex Isothermal Exponential Amplification Reaction
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Ion-responsive hemin-G-quadruplexes for switchable DNAzyme and enzyme functions.

Miguel Angel Aleman-Garcia1, Ron Orbach, Itamar Willner

  • 1Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904 (Israel).

Chemistry (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany)
|April 1, 2014
PubMed
Summary

This study demonstrates switchable G-quadruplex DNA nanostructures. These structures can be reversibly assembled and disassembled using potassium ions, enabling tunable functions for biosensing and nanomachinery.

Keywords:
G-quadruplexcrown ethercryptandthrombintweezers

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Area of Science:

  • Supramolecular Chemistry
  • Nucleic Acid Nanotechnology
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • G-quadruplexes are stable nucleic acid structures formed by guanine-rich sequences.
  • Potassium ions (K+) are known to induce G-quadruplex formation.
  • DNA nanostructures offer versatile platforms for molecular engineering.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop switchable G-quadruplex-based DNA nanostructures.
  • To demonstrate reversible control over DNA self-assembly and dissociation.
  • To integrate catalytic functions and biosensing capabilities into these switchable systems.

Main Methods:

  • Programming nucleic acid sequences for G-quadruplex formation.
  • Utilizing potassium ions (K+) for induced self-assembly and ion-receptors (crown ether, cryptand) for dissociation.
  • Incorporating hemin to form DNAzyme catalytic units.
  • Employing fluorescence and catalytic activity as readout signals.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated K+-induced self-assembly of G-quadruplexes into functional nanostructures.
  • Showcased reversible formation and dissociation of G-quadruplexes using ion-receptor systems.
  • Developed three switchable systems: catalytic nanostructures, anti-thrombin aptamer stabilization, and DNA tweezers.
  • Confirmed switchable functions using fluorescence and horseradish peroxidase DNAzyme activity.

Conclusions:

  • Programmed nucleic acid sequences can form switchable G-quadruplex supramolecular structures.
  • These switchable systems exhibit reversible functions controlled by K+ ions and ion-receptors.
  • The developed hemin-G-quadruplex structures possess DNAzyme catalytic activity, enabling dual-signal monitoring.