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Related Concept Videos

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Humans are very diverse and although we share many similarities, we also have many differences. The social groups we belong to help form our identities (Tajfel, 1974). These differences may be difficult for some people to reconcile, which may lead to prejudice toward people who are different. Prejudice is a negative attitude and feeling toward an individual based solely on one’s membership in a particular social group (Allport, 1954; Brown, 2010). Prejudice is common against people who...
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Related Experiment Video

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Protocol for Studying Extinction of Conditioned Fear in Naturally Cycling Female Rats
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Identifying gender differences in reported occupational information from three US population-based case-control

Sarah J Locke1, Joanne S Colt1, Patricia A Stewart2

  • 1Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland, USA.

Occupational and Environmental Medicine
|April 1, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Gender differences in job tasks and frequencies were observed across occupations and industries. These variations can lead to exposure misclassification, highlighting the need for subject-specific work task data.

Keywords:
case-control studiesoccupational exposureoccupational healthpopulation-based studies

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Area of Science:

  • Occupational Health
  • Epidemiology
  • Sociology of Work

Background:

  • Gender-blind exposure assessment may cause misclassification.
  • Limited characterization of gender differences in occupational tasks and industries exists.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine gender differences in work tasks and their frequencies.
  • To assess gender-specific task performance across various occupations and industries.

Main Methods:

  • Pooled control responses from three US population-based case-control studies.
  • Analyzed job-specific, industry-specific, and exposure-specific questionnaires.
  • Evaluated gender differences in task prevalence and frequency using statistical tests.

Main Results:

  • Significant gender differences in module completion ratios were found for 39 of 45 modules.
  • Task prevalence varied by gender; e.g., female janitors polished furniture more, male janitors stripped floors more.
  • Women generally reported more time spent on tasks than men.

Conclusions:

  • Observed gender differences may stem from actual task performance or reporting variations.
  • These differences contribute to exposure misclassification and affect relative risk estimates.
  • Emphasizes the necessity of collecting subject-specific work task information.