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Brain training: rationale, methods, and pilot data for a specific visuomotor/visuospatial activity program to change

William J Tippett1, Mireille N Rizkalla2

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of Northern British Columbia Prince George, British Columbia, Canada ; School of Health Sciences, University of Northern British Columbia Prince George, British Columbia, Canada ; Heart and Stroke Foundation Centre for Stroke Recovery, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

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Summary

Engaging in visuospatial (VS) and visuomotor (VM) cognitive training may help stabilize or improve cognitive function in older adults with cognitive impairments, offering a promising approach to combat age-related cognitive decline.

Keywords:
Cognitive impairmentcognitive trainingvisuospatial/visuomotor

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Gerontology

Background:

  • Cognitive engagement is recognized for its potential benefits in mitigating age-related cognitive decline.
  • The specific type and extent of cognitive programs needed for aging, cognitively impaired individuals require further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the efficacy of a cognitive program utilizing visuospatial (VS) and visuomotor (VM) elements in aging individuals with cognitive impairments.
  • To determine if VS/VM tasks can support overall brain performance and improve cognitive and behavioral task performance.

Main Methods:

  • A cognitive training program incorporating VS/VM elements was administered to six older adults with diagnosed progressive cognitive impairments.
  • Participants' cognitive and behavioral performance was evaluated using various measures.

Main Results:

  • Participants demonstrated stability or improvement in performance across multiple evaluative measures.
  • Medium-to-large effect sizes (0.3-1.0) were observed, indicating significant positive outcomes.
  • In a population typically experiencing decline, participants showed stabilization or enhancement of cognitive function.

Conclusions:

  • A novel VS/VM training program shows potential for addressing global cognitive decline in aging populations.
  • Targeting brain areas susceptible to early disruption with sustained, stimulative tasks can bolster cognitive functioning.
  • This approach may enhance overall brain function in individuals with cognitive impairments.