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Related Experiment Video

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An Aptamer-based Sensor for Unchelated GadoliniumIII
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Joshua B Ryan1, Susan Grant2, Trevor Walmsley2

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Summary

Inductively coupled mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) can falsely elevate plasma selenium (Se) levels due to gadolinium (Gd) interference. Monitoring a second Se isotope prevents reporting inaccurate, potentially lethal, Se concentrations.

Keywords:
Seleniumassay interferencegadoliniuminductively coupled mass spectrometrymass spectrometrytrace metals

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Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Mass Spectrometry
  • Clinical Chemistry

Background:

  • Inductively coupled mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) is a standard technique for measuring trace elements like selenium (Se).
  • A patient presented with a critically high plasma Se concentration (66 µmol/L) on ICP-MS, far exceeding the reference interval (0.45-1.40 µmol/L).
  • This elevated Se result occurred despite no history of Se exposure or toxicity, raising suspicion of a preanalytical interference.

Observation:

  • The patient had previously received a gadolinium (Gd)-based contrast agent for magnetic resonance imaging.
  • Gadolinium is a known interferent in ICP-MS analysis of selenium.
  • This interference can lead to falsely elevated Se measurements.

Findings:

  • A modified ICP-MS method was developed to monitor two Se isotopes: 78Se and 82Se.
  • Analysis of 41 plasma samples showed good correlation (R² = 0.991) between the two isotopes within the 0.23-2.21 µmol/L range.
  • The patient's plasma Se concentration measured 65 µmol/L using 78Se but only 1.43 µmol/L using the Gd-unaffected 82Se isotope.

Implications:

  • The study highlights the critical need to identify and mitigate preanalytical interferences in ICP-MS.
  • Monitoring a second, unaffected Se isotope (82Se) is crucial for accurate Se quantification.
  • Implementing this dual-isotope monitoring can prevent the reporting of falsely elevated and potentially dangerous Se levels, ensuring patient safety.