A Group Intervention for HIV/STI Risk Reduction among Indian Couples

Area of Science:

• Public Health
• Epidemiology
• Behavioral Science

Background:

• Heterosexual contact is the primary mode of HIV transmission in India.
• A need exists for effective HIV/STI risk reduction strategies targeting couples.

Purpose of the Study:

• To assess the feasibility of a group-based HIV/STI risk reduction intervention for heterosexual couples in India.
• To tailor an intervention using culturally relevant methods.

Main Methods:

• Focus groups and key informant interviews were used for cultural adaptation.
• Thirty HIV/STI-negative, sexually active couples participated.
• Gender-concordant group sessions employed cognitive behavioral strategies.

Main Results:

• Baseline male condom use was low (36%); no female condom or vaginal gel use reported.
• Women demonstrated higher HIV knowledge and more positive attitudes towards condoms than men.
• Post-intervention, significant increases in willingness to use barrier methods and intentions to avoid risk behaviors were observed.

Conclusions:

• Group interventions are feasible for enhancing HIV/STI risk reduction among Indian couples.
• Culturally tailored, cognitive-behavioral approaches can improve risk behaviors and protective intentions.