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Physical Activity Measurement in Children Accepting Table Tennis Training
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Do more active children sleep more? A repeated cross-sectional analysis using accelerometry.

Sheila M Williams1, Victoria L Farmer2, Barry J Taylor3

  • 1Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.

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More active children sleep less and wake more at night. This study found daytime physical activity levels in children are linked to shorter sleep duration and increased night waking, with these patterns remaining consistent across childhood.

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Sleep Science
  • Childhood Physical Activity
  • Developmental Pediatrics

Background:

  • Understanding the relationship between physical activity and sleep in children is crucial for promoting healthy development.
  • Previous research has suggested links between activity levels and sleep patterns, but longitudinal data using objective measures is limited.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between daytime physical activity (sedentary, light, and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity [MVPA]) and sleep duration/night waking in children.
  • To examine how these associations evolve from early childhood (3 years) through middle childhood (7 years).

Main Methods:

  • Utilized 24-hour accelerometry data from 234 children at ages 3, 5, and 7 years.
  • Sleep duration was calculated using the Sadeh algorithm, and activity levels were categorized using established cut-points.
  • Statistical analyses accounted for the closed nature of 24-hour activity data.

Main Results:

  • Higher levels of daytime physical activity, particularly sedentary and light activity, were associated with shorter sleep duration and more minutes awake at night.
  • The most active children (95th percentile) slept significantly less and were more awake at night compared to the least active children (5th percentile).
  • Later bedtimes correlated with reduced sleep duration and increased sedentary/light activity, but not with increased MVPA; relationships remained stable across the studied ages.

Conclusions:

  • Increased daytime physical activity in children is associated with reduced total sleep time and more frequent night waking.
  • The findings suggest that the known protective effect of sleep against obesity is unlikely to be explained by increased physical activity.