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Intracranial Non-traumatic Aneurysms in Children and Adolescents

Angelika Sorteberg1, Daniel Dahlberg1

  • 1Dept of Neurosurgery, Oslo University Hospital - Rikshsospitalet, The National Hospital, Oslo, Norway.

Current Pediatric Reviews
|April 4, 2014
PubMed

Insights

Pediatric intracranial aneurysms are rare but serious, differing from adult types. They often cause hemorrhage and require lifelong monitoring due to recurrence risks.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Neurology
  • Neurosurgery
  • Vascular Neurology

Background:

  • Pediatric intracranial aneurysms are rare but life-threatening vascular malformations.
  • They present distinct pathophysiological characteristics compared to adult aneurysms.
  • Limited case reports exist, highlighting the need for further research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the unique features of pediatric intracranial aneurysms.
  • To discuss the clinical presentation, treatment challenges, and long-term outcomes.
  • To emphasize the necessity of lifelong follow-up and screening.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of reported pediatric intracranial aneurysm cases.
  • Analysis of epidemiological data, clinical manifestations, and treatment strategies.
  • Comparison of pediatric versus adult aneurysm characteristics.

Main Results:

  • Pediatric aneurysms show male predominance and higher symptomatic presentation rates with hemorrhage.
  • Common sites include the internal carotid artery and posterior circulation; giant aneurysms are more frequent.
  • Hemorrhage risk peaks around menarche in girls; re-hemorrhage rates are elevated.
  • Mass effect symptoms and complex treatment needs are characteristic.
  • Long-term outcomes are impacted by high recurrence and de novo aneurysm formation rates.

Conclusions:

  • Pediatric intracranial aneurysms are a distinct entity requiring specialized management.
  • Lifelong surveillance is crucial due to the high risk of aneurysm recurrence and new formation.
  • Further research is needed to optimize long-term care and improve outcomes for affected children.

Keywords:
Cerebral vasospasmgiant aneurysmintracranial aneurysmoutcomepediatricsubarachnoid hemorrhage.

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