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Aberrant phenotypes in peripheral T cell lymphomas.

N Hastrup1, E Ralfkiaer, G Pallesen

  • 1Laboratory of Immunohistology, Aarhus Kommunehospital, University of Aarhus, Denmark.

Journal of Clinical Pathology
|April 1, 1989
PubMed
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Aberrant phenotypes are common in peripheral T cell lymphomas, with 82% of cases showing abnormal T cell antigen expression. Identifying these aberrant phenotypes aids in diagnosing T cell lymphomas.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Oncology
  • Hematology

Background:

  • Peripheral T cell lymphomas (PTCLs) are a heterogeneous group of lymphoid malignancies.
  • Accurate diagnosis of PTCLs is crucial for effective treatment and prognosis.
  • Immunohistochemistry plays a vital role in classifying lymphoid neoplasms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the frequency and patterns of aberrant T cell antigen expression in PTCLs.
  • To determine the utility of immunohistochemistry with a panel of monoclonal antibodies in diagnosing PTCLs.
  • To correlate aberrant phenotypes with histological subtypes of PTCLs.

Main Methods:

  • Seventy-six cases of PTCLs were analyzed using immunohistochemistry.
  • A panel of monoclonal antibodies targeting 11 T cell-associated antigens (CD1-8, CD27, UCHL1, T cell receptor) was employed.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Phenotypic profiles were assessed and categorized based on antigen expression patterns.

    • Main Results:

    • Aberrant phenotypes were observed in 62 (82%) of the PTCL cases.
    • Four main categories of aberrant phenotypes were identified: loss of pan-T cell antigens (64%), loss of CD4/CD8 (15%), coexpression of CD4/CD8 (17%), and CD1 expression (11%).
    • No significant correlation was found between aberrant phenotypes and histological subtypes.

    Conclusions:

    • Demonstrating aberrant phenotypes is a valuable adjunct to histological assessment in PTCL diagnosis.
    • A comprehensive panel of monoclonal antibodies is recommended for detecting T cell differentiation antigen loss during malignant transformation.
    • Immunohistochemical phenotyping enhances the diagnostic accuracy of peripheral T cell lymphomas.