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Related Concept Videos

Alkynes to Aldehydes and Ketones: Hydroboration-Oxidation02:47

Alkynes to Aldehydes and Ketones: Hydroboration-Oxidation

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Introduction
One of the convenient methods for the preparation of aldehydes and ketones is via hydration of alkynes. Hydroboration-oxidation of alkynes is an indirect hydration reaction in which an alkyne is treated with borane followed by oxidation with alkaline peroxide to form an enol that rapidly converts into an aldehyde or a ketone. Terminal alkynes form aldehydes, whereas internal alkynes give ketones as the final product.
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Hydroboration-Oxidation of Alkenes03:08

Hydroboration-Oxidation of Alkenes

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In addition to the oxymercuration–demercuration method, which converts the alkenes to alcohols with Markovnikov orientation, a complementary hydroboration-oxidation method yields the anti-Markovnikov product. The hydroboration reaction, discovered in 1959 by H.C. Brown, involves the addition of a B–H bond of borane to an alkene giving an organoborane intermediate. The oxidation of this intermediate with basic hydrogen peroxide forms an alcohol.
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Lewis Structures of Molecular Compounds and Polyatomic Ions02:54

Lewis Structures of Molecular Compounds and Polyatomic Ions

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To draw Lewis structures for complicated molecules and molecular ions, it is helpful to follow a step-by-step procedure as outlined:
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Formation of Halohydrin from Alkenes02:41

Formation of Halohydrin from Alkenes

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An alkene, such as propene, reacts with bromine in the presence of water to yield a halohydrin. Halohydrins contain a halogen and a hydroxyl group attached to adjacent carbons. When the halogen is bromine, it is called a bromohydrin, while a chlorohydrin has chlorine as the halogen.
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Aromatic Hydrocarbon Cations: Structural Overview01:18

Aromatic Hydrocarbon Cations: Structural Overview

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Cycloheptatriene is a neutral monocyclic unsaturated hydrocarbon that consists of an odd number of carbon atoms and an intervening sp3 carbon in the ring. The three double bonds in the ring correspond to 6 π electrons, which is a Huckel number, and therefore satisfies the criteria of 4n + 2 π electrons. However, the intervening sp3 carbon disrupts the continuous overlap of p orbitals. As a result, cycloheptatriene is not aromatic.
Removing one hydrogen from the intervening CH2 group...
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Structural Isomerism02:34

Structural Isomerism

16.8K
Isomerism in Complexes
Isomers are different chemical species that have the same chemical formula. Structural isomerism of coordination compounds can be divided into two subcategories, the linkage isomers and coordination-sphere isomers.
Linkage isomers occur when the coordination compound contains a ligand that can bind to the transition metal center through two different atoms. For example, the CN− ligand can bind through the carbon atom or through the nitrogen atom. Similarly,...
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Concomitant Enhancement of the Reorientational Dynamics of the BH<sub>4</sub> <sup>-</sup> Anions and Mg<sup>2+</sup> Ionic Conductivity in Mg(BH<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>·NH<sub>3</sub> upon Ligand Incorporation.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 1, 2026

Synthesis of a Thiol Building Block for the Crystallization of a Semiconducting Gyroidal Metal-sulfur Framework
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Borohydrides: from sheet to framework topologies.

P Schouwink1, M B Ley, T R Jensen

  • 1Department of Condensed Matter Physics, Laboratory of Crystallography, University of Geneva, Quai Ernest-Ansermet 24, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. pascal.schouwink@unige.ch radovan.cerny@unige.ch.

Dalton Transactions (Cambridge, England : 2003)
|April 5, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Novel two-dimensional borohydrides were synthesized, featuring unique layered structures. These compounds offer new possibilities for hydridic frameworks and understanding light-metal systems.

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Area of Science:

  • Inorganic Chemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Solid-State Chemistry

Background:

  • Homoleptic borohydrides are crucial in materials science.
  • Understanding novel structural topologies is key for developing new materials.
  • Light-metal systems often face challenges like eutectic melting.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize and characterize novel two-dimensional homoleptic borohydrides.
  • To explore the structural chemistry of ternary metal borohydride systems.
  • To investigate the potential of these compounds as novel hydridic frameworks.

Main Methods:

  • Synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction
  • Neutron powder diffraction
  • Solid-state Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations

Main Results:

  • Discovery of five novel compounds: ALiM(BH4)4 and K3Li2Mg2(BH4)9.
  • These represent the first two-dimensional topologies in homoleptic borohydrides.
  • Layered Li-Mg substructures form negatively charged 4-connected networks.

Conclusions:

  • The discovered structures cannot form bimetallic Li-Mg borohydrides without countercations.
  • Ternary metal borohydride systems show properties analogous to anhydrous aluminosilicates and zeolites.
  • These compounds are promising for novel hydridic frameworks and studying light-metal systems.