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Related Concept Videos

Acute Pharyngitis01:30

Acute Pharyngitis

6.6K
Introduction
Acute pharyngitis is the inflammation of the back of the throat (pharynx), commonly resulting in a sore throat. It is a frequently encountered condition that prompts individuals to seek medical advice.
Classification
Acute pharyngitis can be categorized based on its underlying cause:
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Chronic Pharyngitis01:23

Chronic Pharyngitis

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Chronic pharyngitis refers to persistent inflammation of the pharyngial mucosa.
Etiology
It often arises from persistent viral or bacterial infections affecting sinuses and tonsils.
Additional contributing factors include inadequate dental hygiene, mouth breathing, recurring tonsillitis, allergic rhinitis, laryngopharyngeal reflux, and exposure to smoke, chemicals, and other environmental pollutants. Allergic reactions to pollen, mold, and pet dander, chronic cough, excessive voice usage,...
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Tonsillitis I: Introduction01:30

Tonsillitis I: Introduction

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Tonsillitis is inflammation of the tonsils, which are two lymphoid tissue masses at the back of the throat. This condition can cause discomfort and irritation in the throat.
Etiology
Three primary contributing factors have been identified.
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Suctioning the Nasopharyngeal Airway01:29

Suctioning the Nasopharyngeal Airway

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Nasopharyngeal suctioning is a procedure to remove secretions from the upper part of the respiratory tract that the patient cannot clear independently. It helps maintain airway patency and prevents complications such as aspiration pneumonia.
Equipment Required
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Bacterial Meningitis I: Introduction01:22

Bacterial Meningitis I: Introduction

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Bacterial meningitis is a severe, life-threatening inflammation of the meninges, particularly the pia mater and arachnoid mater, affecting the subarachnoid space, ventricles, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). If untreated, it can lead to significant neurological complications or death.Causative AgentsCommon pathogens vary with age and immune status. In adults, major organisms include Streptococcus pneumoniae, Neisseria meningitidis, and Haemophilus influenzae. Streptococcus agalactiae (group B...
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Tonsillitis II: Management01:26

Tonsillitis II: Management

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This lesson will focus on the different treatment options for managing tonsillitis, which typically depend on the cause and severity.
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Updated: May 1, 2026

Murine Nasal Lavage Fluid Collection without Blood Contamination
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Murine Nasal Lavage Fluid Collection without Blood Contamination

Published on: July 11, 2025

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Acute rhinosinusitis in children.

Cheryl C Nocon1, Fuad M Baroody

  • 1Section of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Surgery, The University of Chicago Medicine, 5841 S. Maryland Avenue, MC 1035, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA, Cheryl.Nocon@uchospitals.edu.

Current Allergy and Asthma Reports
|April 5, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Acute rhinosinusitis in children, often starting as a viral infection, can worsen with bacterial complications. Diagnosis is challenging, but antibiotics remain the primary treatment for this common childhood illness.

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric infectious diseases
  • Otolaryngology
  • Respiratory medicine

Background:

  • Acute rhinosinusitis (ARS) is a frequent pediatric condition.
  • Symptoms include fever, rhinorrhea, congestion, cough, and facial pain.
  • ARS often follows an upper respiratory infection, potentially complicated by bacterial infection.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the diagnosis of pediatric ARS.
  • To discuss the pathophysiology and bacteriology of ARS in children.
  • To outline current treatment strategies and potential complications.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on pediatric acute rhinosinusitis.
  • Analysis of diagnostic challenges, including symptom overlap and examination difficulties.
  • Evaluation of treatment efficacy, focusing on antibiotics and ancillary therapies.

Main Results:

  • Accurate diagnosis of ARS in children is difficult due to subjective parental reporting and examination challenges.
  • Antibiotics are the primary treatment; evidence for ancillary therapies is weak.
  • Potential complications include orbital and intracranial issues requiring prompt intervention.

Conclusions:

  • Pediatric acute rhinosinusitis diagnosis requires careful consideration of symptoms and examination findings.
  • Antibiotic therapy is the cornerstone of management for bacterial ARS.
  • Vigilance for and early aggressive treatment of complications are crucial.