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Acute kidney injury in critically ill children: Risk factors and outcomes

Shweta Naik1, Jyoti Sharma1, Rameshwor Yengkom1

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, BVDUMC, Consultant Nephrologist, Viva Kidney Suraksha, Pune, Maharashtra, India.

Indian Journal of Critical Care Medicine : Peer-Reviewed, Official Publication of Indian Society of Critical Care Medicine
|April 5, 2014
PubMed

Insights

Acute kidney injury (AKI) affects nearly half of pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) patients, indicating a significant risk for poor outcomes. Identifying risk factors and outcomes is crucial for improving care in critically ill children.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Critical Care Medicine
  • Nephrology
  • Clinical Research

Background:

  • Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a prevalent complication in pediatric intensive care units (PICUs).
  • AKI in critically ill children is associated with adverse outcomes.
  • Understanding AKI's incidence and predictors is vital for patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the incidence of AKI in a PICU population.
  • To identify risk factors associated with AKI development.
  • To investigate the outcomes, including mortality and morbidity, linked to AKI.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective data collection from patient records of children admitted to the PICU.
  • AKI defined and staged using modified pRIFLE criteria.
  • Multivariate logistic regression analysis employed to identify risk factors and outcomes.

Main Results:

  • A significant incidence of AKI was observed, affecting 103 out of 252 (40.9%) children.
  • Patients with AKI were categorized into Risk (37.9%), Injury (35.9%), and Failure (26.2%) stages.
  • Higher Pediatric Risk of Mortality (PRISM III) scores were noted in children with AKI compared to controls (P < 0.001).

Conclusions:

  • AKI is a common and serious condition in the PICU.
  • The study identified key risk factors and outcomes associated with pediatric AKI.
  • Findings underscore the need for vigilant monitoring and management of AKI in critically ill children.
Abstract

Keywords:
Acute kidney injuryPRISM IIIpRIFLEpediatric intensive care unitsepsis

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