Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Diabetes: Management and Pharmacotherapy01:15

Diabetes: Management and Pharmacotherapy

1.5K
The therapy for diabetes aims to alleviate hyperglycemia-related symptoms, prevent acute metabolic decompensation, and reduce chronic end-organ complications. Glycemic control is evaluated through short-term (self-monitoring, continuous glucose monitoring) and long-term (A1c, fructosamine) metrics, enabling near real-time tracking of blood glucose levels and reflecting glycemic control over specific time frames.
Insulin remains the cornerstone of treatment for most patients with type 1 and many...
1.5K
Hypoglycemia and Glucagon01:15

Hypoglycemia and Glucagon

1.3K
Without prolonged fasting, healthy individuals maintain blood glucose levels above 3.5 mM due to a well-adapted neuroendocrine counterregulatory system that effectively prevents acute hypoglycemia, a potentially life-threatening condition. The primary clinical scenarios for hypoglycemia encompass diabetes treatment, inappropriate production of endogenous insulin or insulin-like substances by tumors, and the use of glucose-lowering agents in non-diabetic individuals. Notably, hypoglycemia in the...
1.3K
Acute Pancreatitis II: Clinical Manifestations and Management01:30

Acute Pancreatitis II: Clinical Manifestations and Management

1.2K
Acute pancreatitis presents a complex medical emergency characterized by rapid onset inflammation of the pancreas, demanding timely diagnosis and management to prevent complications. The condition primarily manifests through severe upper abdominal pain that often radiates to the back. This pain intensifies following the consumption of fatty foods. Accompanying symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, abdominal distention, fever, dyspnea, cyanosis, and jaundice can vary in intensity but significantly...
1.2K
Hyperglycemia01:29

Hyperglycemia

25
Hyperglycemia is an abnormally high blood glucose level. It is diagnosed by fasting glucose ≥126 mg/dL, 2-hour oral glucose tolerance test (or OGTT) ≥200 mg/dL, random glucose ≥200 mg/dL with symptoms, or HbA1c ≥6.5%. However, HbA1c results may be unreliable in certain conditions, such as anemia or hemoglobinopathies, and the diagnosis should be confirmed unless classic symptoms are present. Postprandial hyperglycemia is typically considered significant when glucose...
25
Hypoglycemia01:26

Hypoglycemia

30
Hypoglycemia is a blood glucose level below 70 mg/dL. It commonly occurs in individuals using insulin or insulin-secreting drugs, but may also arise in non-diabetic conditions. People with type 1 diabetes are at the highest risk because they depend on exogenous insulin. People with type 2 diabetes are also at risk, especially when treated with insulin or medications such as sulfonylureas, which increase insulin release regardless of blood glucose levels. It develops when insulin levels exceed...
30
Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational01:22

Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational

4.9K
Type 2 diabetes, characterized by insulin resistance, arises when the insulin receptors on cells lose responsiveness to insulin, diminishing the cell's capacity to take up glucose, resulting in elevated blood glucose levels. To receive a diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes, a series of blood glucose tests are necessary to assess whether the blood glucose falls within normal parameters. If the result is out of the normal range, a patient may be diagnosed as prediabetic or diabetic, depending on the...
4.9K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Different Duration of Prone Positioning Treatment for Patients with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome in Intensive Care Unit Patients: A Prospective Randomized Clinical Study.

Journal of clinical medicine·2025
Same author

Outcomes of introducing shared decision-making for tracheostomy on prolonged intubated critical patients.

Respiratory medicine·2025
Same author

Reversal of Pulmonary Fibrosis: Human Umbilical Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Wharton's Jelly versus Human-Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells.

International journal of molecular sciences·2023
Same author

Comparing efficacy of a single intraarticular injection of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) combined with different hyaluronans for knee osteoarthritis: a randomized-controlled clinical trial.

BMC musculoskeletal disorders·2022
Same author

Cryptococcus gattii Infection as the Major Clinical Manifestation in Patients with Autoantibodies Against Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor.

Journal of clinical immunology·2022
Same author

The Role of a Confined Space on the Reactivity and Emission Properties of Copper(I) Clusters.

Frontiers in chemistry·2022

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 1, 2026

Improving IV Insulin Administration in a Community Hospital
12:08

Improving IV Insulin Administration in a Community Hospital

Published on: June 11, 2012

19.7K

Glycemic control in critically ill patients.

Chien-Wei Hsu1

  • 1Chien-Wei Hsu, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan, China.

World Journal of Critical Care Medicine
|April 5, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Hyperglycemia in critically ill patients increases mortality. While tight glucose control offers no survival benefit and risks hypoglycemia, maintaining blood glucose below 180 mg/dL is safer and effective.

Keywords:
Critical careGlycemic controlHyperglycemiaHypoglycemiaInsulin

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: Investigating the Blood Glucose Homeostasis in Murine Brain Using a Cost-Effective Hyperglycemic And Hypoglycemic Clamp Technique
07:35

Author Spotlight: Investigating the Blood Glucose Homeostasis in Murine Brain Using a Cost-Effective Hyperglycemic And Hypoglycemic Clamp Technique

Published on: January 26, 2024

2.1K
Use of a Central Venous Line for Fluids, Drugs and Nutrient Administration in a Mouse Model of Critical Illness
09:17

Use of a Central Venous Line for Fluids, Drugs and Nutrient Administration in a Mouse Model of Critical Illness

Published on: May 2, 2017

8.4K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 1, 2026

Improving IV Insulin Administration in a Community Hospital
12:08

Improving IV Insulin Administration in a Community Hospital

Published on: June 11, 2012

19.7K
Author Spotlight: Investigating the Blood Glucose Homeostasis in Murine Brain Using a Cost-Effective Hyperglycemic And Hypoglycemic Clamp Technique
07:35

Author Spotlight: Investigating the Blood Glucose Homeostasis in Murine Brain Using a Cost-Effective Hyperglycemic And Hypoglycemic Clamp Technique

Published on: January 26, 2024

2.1K
Use of a Central Venous Line for Fluids, Drugs and Nutrient Administration in a Mouse Model of Critical Illness
09:17

Use of a Central Venous Line for Fluids, Drugs and Nutrient Administration in a Mouse Model of Critical Illness

Published on: May 2, 2017

8.4K

Area of Science:

  • Critical Care Medicine
  • Endocrinology
  • Metabolic Disorders

Background:

  • Hyperglycemia is prevalent in critically ill patients, stemming from factors like nutrition, medications, and insulin deficiency.
  • Once viewed as a stress response, hyperglycemia is now recognized as detrimental, elevating morbidity and mortality in critical illness.
  • Effective glucose management strategies in intensive care units remain debated, with no definitive consensus on optimal targets.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current understanding of hyperglycemia in critically ill patients.
  • To evaluate the impact of glycemic control strategies on clinical outcomes, including mortality and hypoglycemia.
  • To highlight the significance of glycemic variability in addition to mean glucose levels.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of meta-analyses from randomized controlled trials on glycemic control in intensive care.
  • Examination of studies investigating the relationship between glucose levels and mortality.
  • Review of evidence regarding glycemic variability and its impact on outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Tight glycemic control (near-normal levels) in critically ill patients demonstrated no survival advantage and increased hypoglycemia incidence.
  • A J- or U-shaped curve suggests lowest mortality rates when glucose levels are maintained between 100-150 mg/dL.
  • Glycemic control below 180 mg/dL is non-inferior to near-normal glycemia and significantly safer.
  • Elevated glycemic variability is linked to increased mortality, independent of mean glucose levels.

Conclusions:

  • Current evidence suggests that targeting blood glucose levels below 180 mg/dL is a safer and effective approach for critically ill patients.
  • Minimizing glycemic variability is crucial for improving outcomes in this patient population.
  • Continuous glucose monitoring and automated closed-loop systems may aid in achieving controlled glucose levels with reduced variability.