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Synchronous Multicentric Giant Cell Tumour (GCT)-A Rare Case Report
Anshu Shekhar1, Gururaj Murgod2, Suresh Korlhalli3
1Assistant Professor, Department of Orthopaedics, Sri Dharmasthala Manjunatheshwara College of Medical Sciences and Hospital , Karnataka, India .
Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research : JCDR
|April 5, 2014
Summary
Multicentric Giant Cell Tumours (GCT) of bone are rare, presenting as multiple lesions. This case highlights a young male treated with amputation for extensive GCT, showing no recurrence after three years.
Area of Science:
- Orthopedic Oncology
- Skeletal Radiology
- Tumor Pathology
Background:
- Giant Cell Tumours (GCT) of bone represent 5% of primary bone tumors.
- The multicentric variant is exceptionally rare, comprising less than 1% of GCT cases.
- Multicentric GCT can manifest as synchronous or metachronous lesions.
Observation:
- A 22-year-old male presented with an 18-month history of progressive, painful swellings around the right knee.
- Radiographic imaging demonstrated expansile lytic lesions in the distal femur, proximal tibia, and fibula.
- Core needle biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of GCT; biochemical and radiological assessments ruled out metastasis.
Findings:
- The patient underwent above-knee amputation due to the extensive nature of the multicentric GCT.
- Histopathological examination of excised tissue from all affected sites confirmed GCT without atypia or malignant cells.
- The patient remained disease-free with no recurrence or metastasis at a three-year follow-up.
Implications:
- This case underscores the importance of considering multicentric GCT in extensive bone lesions, even in young patients.
- Aggressive surgical management, such as amputation, may be necessary for extensive or locally advanced disease.
- Long-term surveillance is crucial for patients with GCT, particularly the multicentric variant, to monitor for recurrence or metastasis.
