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E-cadherin-mediated cell coupling is required for apoptotic cell extrusion.

Veronica Lubkov1, Dafna Bar-Sagi1

  • 1Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA.

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Live epithelial cells remove dying neighbors through apoptotic extrusion. This process requires coordinated cell elongation, driven by E-cadherin adhesion, to maintain tissue integrity and barrier function.

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Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Epithelial Biology
  • Tissue Homeostasis

Background:

  • Apoptotic extrusion is a vital multicellular process for removing apoptotic cells in epithelial tissues.
  • This process is crucial for maintaining tissue integrity and barrier function.
  • The precise mechanisms driving coordinated cell behavior during extrusion were not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the cellular mechanisms underlying apoptotic extrusion in epithelial tissues.
  • To investigate the role of cell-cell adhesion in coordinating cellular responses during extrusion.
  • To determine the impact of E-cadherin levels on extrusion efficiency and tissue barrier function.

Main Methods:

  • Observation of live epithelial tissues undergoing apoptotic cell removal.
  • Analysis of cell shape dynamics and cell-cell adhesion during extrusion.
  • Manipulation of E-cadherin expression levels in epithelial cells.

Main Results:

  • Apoptotic extrusion is initiated by the retraction of the apoptotic cell.
  • This retraction triggers transient, coordinated elongation of neighboring cells.
  • E-cadherin-mediated cell-cell adhesion is essential for coordinating this elongation and successful extrusion.

Conclusions:

  • Apoptotic extrusion is a mechanically driven process coordinated by cell-cell adhesion.
  • Reduced E-cadherin compromises cell elongation and extrusion, leading to loss of barrier function.
  • Maintaining adhesive forces during apoptotic cell turnover is critical for tissue homeostasis.